Predicting Chronic Toxicity of Sediments Spiked With Zinc: An Evaluation of the Acid-Volatile Sulfide Model Using a Life-Cycle Test With the Midge Chironomus Tentans

Sibley, Paul K.; Ankley, Gerald T.; Cotter, Anne M.; Leonard, Edward N.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<2102:pctoss>2.3.co;2

Cited by 58 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…At the end of the tests (43 days), average survival of the larvae in control sediments was approximately 14.8 % lower than that determined at 20 days, and similar phenomena have also been reported in two other studies using long-term life-cycle tests (Sibley et al 1996. The loss of midges between 20 days and the onset of pupation of the fourth-instar larvae was the reason for the increased mortality ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…2). A similar phenomenon was also reported by Sibley et al (1996) in their zinc toxicity study. Assessing the rate at which emergence occurs may be more informative than relying entirely on total emergence, especially in situations of low-level contamination .…”

Section: Sublethal Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…3b, a slight decrease in hatchability was observed with increasing BaP concentrations. However, just as Sibley et al (1996) found in their study, no significant differences appeared among the treatments. An average of 99.1 % eggs were hatched for all treatments indicating that hatchability was not a sensitive end point for sediment toxicity assessment with the midges.…”

Section: Sublethal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 43%

“…2). Emergence has been used in numerous studies with Chironomidae as a measurement end point for sublethal toxicity (Wentsel et al 1977;Williams et al 1986;Hatakeyama 1987;Pascoe et al 1989), and the control emergence in this study was typical for control sediments in the life-cycle test (Sibley et al 1996. Total emergence of C. dilutus exposed to the highest concentration of BaP was approximately 62.5 % lower than that in the controls (Fig.…”

Section: Sublethal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 76%

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Chronic Toxicity Thresholds for Sediment-Associated Benzo[a]pyrene in the Midge (Chironomus dilutus)

Huang³

et al. 2014

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and have been shown to be one of the causes of sediment toxicity to benthic invertebrates. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was selected as a representative for the PAH family of compounds for developing chronic sediment toxicity thresholds for Chironomus dilutus. Life-cycle toxicity testing was initiated using newly hatched midge larvae and terminated until hatch of the second generation. Median lethal concentrations were 92.5 ± 19.6 and 56.9 ± 1.76 lg/g organic carbon (OC) after exposing midges to sedimentassociated BaP for 20 days (before pupation) and 43 days (end of test), respectively. Sublethal toxicity was described as 5 and 50 % effect concentrations (EC5 and EC50), and these were 6.63 ± 0.82 and 41.1 ± 1.61 lg/g OC for growth reduction at 20 days, respectively. Impairments of emergence and reproduction of C. dilutus were also assessed at the end of the testing, and the EC5 and EC50 values were 3.41 ± 0.53 and 26.9 ± 1.43 lg/g OC for emergence and 2.18 ± 0.34 and 13.4 ± 1.13 lg/g OC for reproduction, respectively. In addition, bioavailability-based chronic toxicity thresholds were also established using Tenax-extractable BaP concentrations. Although more environmentally relevant, data regarding chronic toxicity are less available than those regarding acute toxicity. Therefore, establishing numeric chronic toxicity thresholds for sediment-associated BaP with the consideration of the bioavailability would improve the accuracy of assessing PAH-related sediment toxicity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Sublethal Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Sublethal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Sublethal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 76%

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Chronic Toxicity Thresholds for Sediment-Associated Benzo[a]pyrene in the Midge (Chironomus dilutus)

Huang³

et al. 2014

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…In addition, a short metal-sediment equilibration time is typically employed in many studies, which can enhance partitioning of metals to porewater relative to sediment particles (J. S. Lee et al 2000). Partitioning coefficients typically decrease as the metal-sediment equilibration time increases , Sibley et al 1996, Leonard et al 1999). For example, Sibley et al (1996) reported that porewater Zn concentrations decreased up to 3 orders of magnitude at the end of 56 d equilibration, while [SEM -AVS] values varied only < 2 ×.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of reactive sulfide (AVS) and supplementary food on Ag, Cd and Zn bioaccumulation in the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Yoo³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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A laboratory bioassay determined the relative contribution of various pathways of Ag, Cd and Zn bioaccumulation in the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata exposed to moderately contaminated sediments. Juvenile worms were exposed for 25 d to experimental sediments containing 5 different reactive sulfide (acid volatile sulfides, AVS) concentrations (1 to 30 µmol g , respectively. The sediments were supplemented with contaminated food (TetraMin ® ) containing 3 levels of Ag-Cd-Zn (uncontaminated, 1 × or 5 × metal concentrations in the contaminated sediment). The results suggest that bioaccumulation of Ag, Cd and Zn in the worms occurred predominantly from ingestion of contaminated sediments and contaminated supplementary food. AVS or dissolved metals (in porewater and overlying water) had a minor effect on bioaccumulation of the 3 metals in most of the treatments. The contribution to uptake from the dissolved source was most important in the most oxic sediments, with maximum contributions of 8% for Ag, 30% for Cd and 20% for Zn bioaccumulation. Sediment bioassays where uncontaminated supplemental food is added could seriously underestimate metal exposures in an equilibrated system; N. arenaceodentata feeding on uncontaminated food would be exposed to 40-60% less metal than if the food source was equilibrated (as occurs in nature). Overall, the results show that pathways of metal exposure are dynamically linked in contaminated sediments and shift as external geochemical characteristics and internal biological attributes vary. KEY WORDS: Bioaccumulation · Metals · AVS · Dietary uptakeResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Chronic toxicity of fluorotelomer acids to Daphnia magna and Chironomus dilutus

Phillips

Dinglasan-Panlilio

Mabury

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Saturated and unsaturated fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (fluorotelomer acids: FTAs) represent important intermediates in the degradation of fluorotelomer alcohols to perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs). Recent studies have detected FTAs at low concentrations (ng/L) in precipitation and surface waters; however, information regarding chronic toxicity is lacking. The present study assessed the chronic toxicity of the 8:2 saturated fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (8:2 FTCA) to Chironomus dilutus and the 10:2 saturated and unsaturated fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (10:2 FTCA and 10:2 fluorotelomer unsaturated carboxylic acid [FTuCA]) to Daphnia magna in separate life-cycle tests. In D. magna tests the FTCA was consistently more toxic than the FTuCA. Lethal concentrations (LC50s) were 150 and>60 microg/L for FTuCA and FTCA, respectively. Reproduction was significantly reduced relative to the controls, with respective median effective concentrations (EC50s) for time to first brood and mean number of offspring/female of 287 and 214 microg/L for FTuCA and 50 and 48 microg/L for FTCA. In tests with C. dilutus, EC50s for survival and growth at 20 d were 2,610 and 1,250 microg/L. Total emergence and time to first emergence, the most sensitive endpoints, yielded EC50s of 440 and 890 microg/L. Few adults emerged and no reproduction occurred at the two highest concentrations (600 and 1540 microg/L). Mean number of eggs/female was not affected. These results represent the first chronic toxicity data for FTCAs and additional evidence that FTCAs are more toxic than some PFCAs. While the results indicate that current environmental concentrations of FTAs likely pose negligible risk to aquatic biota, additional quantification of FTAs in surface waters and assessment of their toxicity is needed before meaningful assessments of potential risks to aquatic biota are possible.

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Predicting Chronic Toxicity of Sediments Spiked With Zinc: An Evaluation of the Acid-Volatile Sulfide Model Using a Life-Cycle Test With the Midge Chironomus Tentans

Cited by 58 publications

References 37 publications

Chronic Toxicity Thresholds for Sediment-Associated Benzo[a]pyrene in the Midge (Chironomus dilutus)

Chronic Toxicity Thresholds for Sediment-Associated Benzo[a]pyrene in the Midge (Chironomus dilutus)

Influence of reactive sulfide (AVS) and supplementary food on Ag, Cd and Zn bioaccumulation in the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata

Chronic toxicity of fluorotelomer acids to Daphnia magna and Chironomus dilutus

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