“…Predicting liver toxicity from chemical structure has been a preoccupation of over two decades, first starting somewhat timidly with local models [44,45], to move later also to global models [46,47]. Many of the previous models used relatively small size datasets (less than 400 compounds) [48,49]; studies based on datasets larger than DILIrank have also been published [11,17,[50][51][52], but the authors of DILIrank used a methodology that, in theory at least, was superior and more consistent with the totality of available clinical data. The total DILIrank dataset includes 1036 compounds, but 254 were classified as of "ambiguous DILI-concern", because the causality evidence was limited; besides, it took great care in defining DILI negatives, which varied among four large sources previously studied, labeling some compounds previously considered of no DILI concern as of less DILI concern.…”