Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior From Preschool Behavior

Tremblay, Richard E.; Pihl, Robert O.; Vitaro, Frank; Dobkin, Patricia L.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950090064009

Cited by 545 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For example, Walker, Lahey, and Russo (1991) found that clinic-referred boys with conduct disorder and a comorbid anxiety disorder had fewer peer nominations of aggressive behavior, school suspensions, and police contacts than boys with conduct disorder alone. Similarly, anxiety, shyness, and behavioral inhibition have been associated with decreased delinquency (Tremblay, Pihl, Vitaro, & Dobkin, 1994). This research suggests that depressive and anxious symptoms moderate aggressive youths' risk for involvement in dangerous or illegal behaviors, which are known risk factors for community violence exposure (Centers & Weist, 1998;DuRant, Getts, Cadenhead, & Woods, 1995).…”

Section: Youth Behavior As a Risk Factor For Community Violence Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Lambert

Ialongo

Boyd

et al. 2005

American Journal of Community Psychology

149

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Community violence is recognized a significant public health problem. However, only a paucity of research has examined risk factors for community violence exposure across domains relevant to adolescents or using longitudinal data. This study examined youth aggressive behavior in relation to community violence exposure among a community epidemiologically defined sample of 582 (45% female) urban adolescents. Internalizing behaviors, deviant peer affiliation, and parental monitoring were examined as moderators of the association between aggressive behavior and exposure to community violence. For males with aggressive behavior problems and deviant peer affiliation or low parental monitoring, co-occurring anxiety symptoms protected against subsequent witnessing community violence. In contrast, males with aggressive behavior problems and co-occurring depressive symptoms were at increased risk for witnessing community violence. Implications of the findings for preventive interventions and future research are discussed.KEY WORDS: community violence exposure; deviant peer affiliation; aggression; adolescence.Youth exposure to community violence as witnesses or victims is a significant public health problem with negative consequences for several aspects of youth adjustment. Community violence exposure in youth has been associated with difficulties in emotional, behavioral, and adaptive functioning including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, aggression, poor academic functioning and achievement, and health problems (Cooley-Quille,

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Section: Youth Behavior As a Risk Factor For Community Violence Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Lambert

Ialongo

Boyd

et al. 2005

American Journal of Community Psychology

149

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“…Several other studies have shown impressive correlations between preschool variables, such as impulsivity, irritability, and passivity, and personality patterns and behavior problems in adolescence and young adulthood ( Block, 1993 ;Caspi, Henry, McGee, Moffitt, & Silva, 1995 ;D. L. Newman, Caspi, Moffitt, & Silva, 1997 ;Tremblay, Pihl, Vitaro, & Dobkin, 1994 ). Mischel (1968Mischel ( , 1973 was once one of the most persistent critics of psychodynamic ideas, particularly the notion of consistency of personality over time and across situations.…”

Section: Continuity Over Time: a More Recent Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The scientific legacy of Sigmund Freud: Toward a psychodynamically informed psychological science.

Westen

1998

Psychological Bulletin

342

233

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Although commentators periodically declare that Freud is dead, his repeated burials lie on shaky grounds. Critics typically attack an archaic version of psychodynamic theory that most clinicians similarly consider obsolete. Central to contemporary psychodynamic theory is a series of propositions about (a) unconscious cognitive, affective, and motivational processes; (b) ambivalence and the tendency for affective and motivational dynamics to operate in parallel and produce compromise solutions; (c) the origins of many personality and social dispositions in childhood; (d) mental representations of the self, others, and relationships; and (e) developmental dynamics. An enormous body of research in cognitive, social, developmental, and personality psychology now supports many of these propositions. Freud's scientific legacy has implications for a wide range of domains in psychology, such as integration of affective and motivational constraints into connectionist models in cognitive science.Freud, like Elvis, has been dead for a number of years but continues to be cited with some regularity. Although the majority of clinicians report that they rely to some degree upon psychodynamic 1 principles in their work ( Pope, Tabachnick, & Keith-Spiegel, 1987 ), most researchers consider psychodynamic ideas to be at worst absurd and obsolete and at best irrelevant or of little scientific interest. In the lead article of a recent edition of Psychological Science, Crews (1996) arrived at a conclusion shared by many: " [T]here is literally nothing to be said, scientifically or therapeutically, to the advantage of the entire Freudian system or any of its component dogmas" (p. 63).Despite the explosion of empirical studies of unconscious cognitive processes (see, e.g., Greenwald, 1992 ;Kihlstrom, 1987 ;Schacter, 1992 ), few reference Freud; none cite any contemporary psychodynamic work; and in general, psychodynamic concepts are decreasingly represented in the major psychology journals ( Robins & Craik, 1994 ). The situation is similar in the popular media and in broader intellectual discourse. Publications ranging from Time to the New York Review of Books periodically publish Freud's intellectual obituary, with critics charging that Freud's ideas-such as his dual-instinct theory or his hypotheses about female personality development-are seriously out of date and without scientific merit (e.g., Crews, 1993 ).Many aspects of Freudian theory are indeed out of date, and they should be: Freud died in 1939, and he has been slow to undertake further revisions. His critics, however, are equally behind the times, attacking countenance was last sighted in earnest. Contemporary psychoanalysts and psychodynamic therapists no longer write much about ids and egos, nor do they conceive of treatment for psychological disorders as an archaeological expedition in search of lost memories ( Aron, 1996 ;Gabbard, 1994 ;Horowitz, 1988 ;Kolb, Cooper, & Fishman, 1995 ;Mitchell, 1988 ;Wachtel, 1993 ). People do sometimes describe feelings or behav...

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“…antisocial behaviour tend to be stable over time and predictive of a variety of adverse child outcomes including school failure (Loeber & Dishion, 1983;Olweus, 1979;Tremblay, Pihl, Vitaro, & Dobkin, 1994), especially in the context of family adversity (Campbell, Shaw, & Gilliom, 2000). Some early intervention programmes, for example, Early Head Start or home visitation programmes, target families whose children are at risk for developmental problems, including aggressive behaviour, while other programmes offer services to families whose young children are already exhibiting behaviour concerns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating effect of parental warmth on the association between spanking and child aggression: a longitudinal approach

Stacks

Oshio

Gerard

et al. 2009

Infant and Child Development

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Using data from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Study, this study analysed the stability of child aggressive behaviour beginning in infancy and tested whether spanking when the child was 36 months was associated with aggressive child behaviour among three ethnic groups and whether maternal warmth moderated the effect of spanking on aggressive behaviour in each ethnic group at 36 months, after controlling for earlier aggressive behaviour. Participants included 693 Hispanic parent-child dyads, 1013 African-American dyads and 1086 Caucasian dyads who met qualifications for participation in the Early Head Start programme. Findings suggest that infant temperament was associated with aggressive behaviour at 24 and 36 months and that child aggression remained stable. Among the three ethnic groups, spanking was only associated with aggressive behaviour for children who had Caucasian mothers and maternal warmth did not moderate the effect of spanking on aggressive behaviour. Copyright r 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key words: spanking; parenting; early childhood; discipline; aggressive behaviour; Early Head Start A large body of research and a variety of early intervention programmes are devoted to understanding and treating early aggression. Aggression and

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Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior From Preschool Behavior

Cited by 545 publications

References 31 publications

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

The scientific legacy of Sigmund Freud: Toward a psychodynamically informed psychological science.

The moderating effect of parental warmth on the association between spanking and child aggression: a longitudinal approach

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