Predicting early signs of dyslexia at a preliterate age by combining behavioral assessment with structural MRI

Kraft, Indra; Schreiber, Jan; Cafiero, Riccardo; Metere, Riccardo; Schaadt, Gesa; Bräuer, Jens; Neef, Nicole E.; Müller, Bent; Kirsten, Holger; Wilcke, Arndt; Boltze, Johannes; Friederici, Angela D.; Skeide, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.09.004

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Langer et al () found reduced FA in the left arcuate fasciculus in at‐risk infants, which was associated with lower expressive language scores, suggesting an anomaly of phonological pathways. This finding is further supported by recent studies using tract‐specific analysis (Wang et al, ) and T1 intensities in specific fibers (Kraft et al, ). On the other hand, Vandermosten et al () found decreased average FA in the left inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, rather than arcuate fasciculus, in at‐risk children.…”

Section: Mri Research With Preliterate Children At Risk For Rdsupporting

confidence: 82%

Neurobiological bases of reading disorder Part I: Etiological investigations

Xia

Hancock²,

Hoeft

2017

Language and Linguist. Compass

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While many studies have focused on identifying the neural and behavioral characteristics of decoding-based reading disorder (RD, aka developmental dyslexia), the etiology of RD remains largely unknown and understudied. Because the brain plays an intermediate role between genetic factors and behavioral outcomes, it is promising to address causality from a neural perspective. In the current, Part I of the two-part review, we discuss neuroimaging approaches to addressing the causality issue and review the results of studies that have employed these approaches. We assume that if a neural signature were associated with RD etiology, it would (a) manifest across comparisons in different languages, (b) be experience independent and appear in comparisons between RD and reading-matched controls, (c) be present both pre- and post-intervention, (d) be found in at-risk, pre-reading children and (e) be associated with genetic risk. We discuss each of these five characteristics in turn and summarize the studies that have examined each of them. The available literature provides evidence that anomalies in left temporo-parietal cortex, and possibly occipito-temporal cortex, may be closely related to the etiology of RD. Improved understanding of the etiology of RD can help improve the accuracy of early detection and enable targeted intervention of cognitive processes that are amenable to change, leading to improved outcomes in at-risk or affected populations.

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Section: Mri Research With Preliterate Children At Risk For Rdsupporting

confidence: 82%

Neurobiological bases of reading disorder Part I: Etiological investigations

Xia

Hancock²,

Hoeft

2017

Language and Linguist. Compass

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“…Another study also reported that AF connectivity differs between children at‐risk of dyslexia and control children (Wang et al., ). Finally, a recent study reported that the T1 intensity in the anterior segment of the left AF (presumably reflecting myelination), measured in pre‐readers, predicted later dyslexia status (Kraft et al., ). Thus, there is evidence for both language experience and training influencing the structure of the arcuate fasciculus, and for early predispositions for language and reading abilities being reflected in the structure of the arcuate fasciculus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vocabulary growth rate from preschool to school‐age years is reflected in the connectivity of the arcuate fasciculus in 14‐year‐old children

Schotten

Zhao

et al. 2018

Developmental Science

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The acquisition of language involves the functional specialization of several cortical regions. Connectivity between these brain regions may also change with the development of language. Various studies have demonstrated that the arcuate fasciculus was essential for language function. Vocabulary learning is one of the most important skills in language acquisition. In the present longitudinal study, we explored the influence of vocabulary development on the anatomical properties of the arcuate fasciculus. Seventy-nine Chinese children participated in this study. Between age 4 and age 10, they were administered the same vocabulary task repeatedly. Following a previous study, children's vocabulary developmental trajectories were clustered into three subgroups (consistently good, catch-up, consistently poor). At age 14, diffusion tensor imaging data were collected. Using ROI-based tractography, the anterior, posterior and direct segments of the bilateral arcuate fasciculus were delineated in each child's native space. Group comparisons showed a significantly reduced fractional anisotropy in the left arcuate fasciculus of children in the consistently poor group, in particular in the posterior and direct segments of the arcuate fasciculus. No group differences were observed in the right hemisphere, nor in the left anterior segment. Further regression analyses showed that the rate of vocabulary development, rather than the initial vocabulary size, was a specific predictor of the left arcuate fasciculus connectivity.

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“…Future clinical studies, for instance work evaluating children with dyslexia (e.g. Kraft et al, 2016;Niogi and McCandliss, 2006;Vanderauwera et al, 2017;Yeatman et al, 2012a;Zhao et al, 2016), could further test if structural abnormalities in these fascicles precede and predict difficulties in reading acquisition and whether these difficulties may be mediated by subtle differences in the spatial layout of reading-related responses in lateral VTC (e.g. Kubota et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter fascicles and cortical microstructure predict reading-related responses in human ventral temporal cortex

Grotheer¹,

Yeatman

Grill-Spector³

2020

Preprint

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HighlightsThe ILF, AF and VOF predict the spatial layout of reading-related responses in VTC Gray matter microstructure improves the prediction of reading-related responses Fascicles and gray matter structure together predict the location of the VWFA Abstract Reading-related responses in the lateral ventral temporal cortex (VTC) show a consistent spatial layout across individuals, which is puzzling, since reading skills are acquired during childhood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that white matter fascicles and gray matter microstructure predict the location of reading-related responses in lateral VTC. We obtained functional (fMRI), diffusion (dMRI), and quantitative (qMRI) magnetic resonance imaging data in 30 adults. fMRI was used to map reading-related responses by contrasting responses in a reading task with those in adding and color tasks; dMRI was used to identify the brain's fascicles and to map their endpoints density in lateral VTC; qMRI was used to measure proton relaxation time (T1), which depends on cortical tissue microstructure. We fit linear models that predict readingrelated responses in lateral VTC from endpoint density and T1 and used leave-one-subject-out cross-validation to assess prediction accuracy. First, by using a subset of our participants (N=10, feature selection set), we find that i) endpoint density of the arcuate fasciculus (AF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) are significant predictors of reading-related responses, and ii) cortical T1 of lateral VTC further improves the predictions of the fascicle model. Next, in the remaining 20 participants (validation set), we showed that a linear model that includes T1, AF, ILF and VOF significantly predicts i) the map of reading-related responses across lateral VTC and ii) the location of the visual word form area, a region critical for reading. Overall, our data-driven approach reveals that the AF, ILF, VOF and cortical microstructure have a consistent spatial relationship with an individual's reading-related responses in lateral VTC.

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Predicting early signs of dyslexia at a preliterate age by combining behavioral assessment with structural MRI

Cited by 46 publications

References 77 publications

Neurobiological bases of reading disorder Part I: Etiological investigations

Neurobiological bases of reading disorder Part I: Etiological investigations

Vocabulary growth rate from preschool to school‐age years is reflected in the connectivity of the arcuate fasciculus in 14‐year‐old children

White matter fascicles and cortical microstructure predict reading-related responses in human ventral temporal cortex

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