“…Considering the simulated years 2030 and 2040, in 50 years (1990-2040), built-up areas and water bodies will increase by 9.32% and 4.47%, respectively, with a significant decrease in dense vegetation, agricultural land, and other land uses by 5.65%, 10.58%, and 0.34%, respectively (Figure 15). Other South Asian cities' urban areas area grew in the same way over the past two to three decades, with the loss of vegetation cover, such as Delhi, Patna, Lucknow, Kolkata, and Mangalore in India [21,23,80,81], or Cumillia, Dhaka, and Rajsahi of Bangladesh [69,71,82], and Kathmandu of Nepal [83]. Several things led to urbanisation, such as the growth of the population, the political and economic climate, and the movement of people from rural areas into cities, which leads to extensive construction work for the development of infrastructure at a higher rate, and population density also keeps on increasing in northeastern parts of India (Jyotishman, et al, 2011) [84].…”