Predicting of vertical displacements of structures of engineering buildings and facilities

Abstract

Purpose. The research is aimed at solving the tasks of monitoring and assessing the state of an engineering object and determining predictive characteristics in the form of construction of various models of settlement and deformation of a structure based on the results of geodetic measurements, taking into account the space-time interaction of engineering objects with the geological environment in a seismic zone with the earthquake energy class values of K = 6–7.5, in the area of possible underground fluctuations with an intensity of 3–4 points. Methodology. An analytical methodology has been developed that takes into account the geological conditions of the foundation, changes in the groundwater level, soil compaction under significant static load, as well as the accumulation of damage in the supporting structures caused by the impact of numerous and insignificant underground seismic shocks, for predicting the vertical displacements of the engineering facility supporting structures. To assess the durability and stability of design components, the least squares method is used, which makes it possible to display the patterns of deformation process development. Obtaining new results during the period of further operation in order to draw up a technical conclusion on the state of the facility and its stability is possible by monitoring and predicting deformation deviations of individual components of an engineering object in the vertical plane. Findings. With the help of mathematical modeling of strength calculations of supporting structures based on geodetic measurement data, it is possible to determine the quantitative characteristics and patterns of deformation process development during the engineering facility operation. The performed calculations on mathematical modeling make it possible to reveal the distribution of the parameters of amplitude-frequency characteristics of the linearly deformable monolithic plate upper layer along the perimeter and to predict possible deformation changes over a certain period of time during the engineering facility operation. According to the executive survey data, vertical deviations of structures along the facility perimeter AB, BC, CD, DA have been determined in the range from 1 to 27 mm, which is the basis for predicting deformation deviations in the vertical plane. In addition, as a result of engineering-geological surveys conducted on the building construction site, the geological-lithological structure of the site has been determined. Originality. A methodology for predicting the deformation processes of individual sections of vertical structures and monolithic walls of an engineering facility, which are associated with the complex lithological structure of the foundation section and the location of the object in a seismically hazardous zone, is proposed. Practical value. The obtained results of studying the deformation processes of structures and individual facilities make it possible to take into account the form of complex interaction of individual sections and, in general, to predict deformation deviations in the vertical plane.