Predicting Post-Fire Tree Mortality in a Temperate Pine Forest, Korea

Kwon, SeMyung; Kim, Sang-Hyun; Kim, Jeong‐Hwan; Kang, Wonseok; Park, Ki-Hyung; Kim, Chan-Beom; Girona, Miguel Montoro

doi:10.3390/su13020569

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Existing natural forests of this species have great significance for the conservation of breeding materials, the development of gene resources and the study of population genetic diversity [23]. However, in the past few decades, with the increasing demand for wood and cones of P. koraiensis as well as increasing wildfire, the area of natural P. koraiensis forest has decreased extensively [24]. Thus, to protect existing natural forests under the background of illegal logging and unpredictable biotic stress, such as white pine blister rust diseases, the collection and evaluation of germplasm resources of P. koraiensis are urgently needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Pinus koraiensis in China

Zhao

et al. 2021

Horticulturae

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Pinus koraiensis is a well-known precious tree species in East Asia with high economic, ornamental and ecological value. More than fifty percent of the P. koraiensis forests in the world are distributed in northeast China, a region with abundant germplasm resources. However, these natural P. koraiensis sources are in danger of genetic erosion caused by continuous climate changes, natural disturbances such as wildfire and frequent human activity. Little work has been conducted on the population genetic structure and genetic differentiation of P. koraiensis in China because of the lack of genetic information. In this study, 480 P. koraiensis individuals from 16 natural populations were sampled and genotyped. Fifteen polymorphic expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were used to evaluate genetic diversity, population structure and differentiation in P. koraiensis. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of the EST-SSR marker data showed that 33% of the total genetic variation was among populations and 67% was within populations. A high level of genetic diversity was found across the P. koraiensis populations, and the highest levels of genetic diversity were found in HH, ZH, LS and TL populations. Moreover, pairwise Fst values revealed significant genetic differentiation among populations (mean Fst = 0.177). According to the results of the STRUCTURE and Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree analyses and principal component analysis (PCA), the studied geographical populations cluster into two genetic clusters: cluster 1 from Xiaoxinganling Mountains and cluster 2 from Changbaishan Mountains. These results are consistent with the geographical distributions of the populations. The results provide new genetic information for future genome-wide association studies (GWAS), marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) in natural P. koraiensis breeding programs and can aid the development of conservation and management strategies for this valuable conifer species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Pinus koraiensis in China

Zhao

et al. 2021

Horticulturae

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“…A continuous increase in fire danger and the extent of burned areas in Mediterranean ecosystems across diverse global regions is expected due to factors such as global warming, population growth, and irregular land use [6,7]. This increase underscores the growing significance assigned to forest fire risk and susceptibility [8], as well as to post-fire studies [9,10]. To enhance firefighting success, risk-based possibilities, and their management information should be integrated into decision-support systems through strategic and operational synthesis [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality rate of vegetation is directly influenced by fire characteristics, which in turn are determined by the spatial distribution of varying weights assigned to forest fire risks. Determining tree mortality in various forested areas with different burn indices [10] is crucial for establishing a sustainable basis in forestry to support post-fire recovery [2]. The extent of mortality depends on several factors, including the physiological parts of the tree that have been damaged [9,30], burn ratio [2], burn severity [31], fire behavior factors, and specific tree characteristics [10,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between Post-Fire Analysis and Pre-Fire Risk Assessment According to Various Geospatial Data

Güngöroğlu,

İsmailoğlu,

Kapukaya

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Wildfires in forest ecosystems exert substantial ecological, economic, and social impacts. The effectiveness of fire management hinges on precise pre-fire risk assessments to inform mitigation efforts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between predictions from pre-fire risk assessments and outcomes observed through post-fire burn severity analyses. In this study, forest fire risk was assessed through the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP), in which fire-oriented factors were used as input. The degree of burn was determined by the Random Forest method using 11,519 training points and 400 test points on Sentinel-2 satellite images under three different classes. According to the results obtained from 266 selected test points located within the forest, all primary factors put forth increased high burn severity. Climate, in particular, emerged as the most significant factor, accounting for 52% of the overall impact. However, in cases of high fire severity, climate proved to be the most effective risk factor, accounting for 67%. This was followed by topography with 50% accuracy at a high fire intensity. In the risk assessment based on the FAHP method, climate was assigned the highest weight value among the other factors (32.2%), followed by topography (27%). To evaluate the results more comprehensively, both visually and statistically, two regions with different stand canopy characteristics were selected within the study area. While high burn severity had the highest accuracy in the Case 1 area, moderate burn severity had the highest in the Case 2 area. During the days of the fire, the direction of spreading was obtained from the MODIS images. In this way, the fire severity was also interpreted depending on the direction of fire progression. Through an analysis of various case studies and literature, this research underlines both the inherent strengths and limitations of predicting forest fire behavior-based pre-fire risk assessments. Furthermore, it emphasizes the necessity of continuous improvement to increase the success of forest fire management.

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“…Natural disturbances in the boreal biome, such as fire and insect outbreaks, are likely to become more severe and frequent because of climate change (Aakala et al, 2023;Dale et al, 2001;Seidl et al, 2017;Volney & Fleming, 2000). Including disturbances and their relationship to climate variables within ecological models will help managers attain sustainable management goals and adapt these forests to the context of global change (Bergeron & Leduc, 1998;Ciesla, 2011;Girona et al, 2023a;Kwon et al, 2021;Pickett & White, 1985;Reyes et al, 2010). However, forecasting the impacts of future climate requires understanding about how climate change alters forest ecosystem dynamics (Achim et al, 2022;Girona et al, 2023c;Hof et al, 2021;Molina et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impact of climate change on the black spruce defoliation by spruce budworm

Subedi¹,

Girona²,

Marchand³

2023

Preprint

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Current ecological models predict profound climate change-related effects on the natural disturbance regimes of forests. Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) (SBW) is the principal insect defoliator in eastern North America, and SBW outbreaks have a major impact on the structure and function of the Canadian boreal forest, as defoliation leads to decreased tree growth, increased mortality, and lower forest productivity. SBW outbreaks have become more severe over the last century with the changing climate; however, little is known about how the integrated effect of climate and SBW alters the growth of host species. Here we evaluate how climate and outbreak severity combined to affect black spruce (Picea mariana) growth during the SBW outbreak that occurred between 1968-1988 and 2006-2017. We compiled dendrochronological series (2271 trees), outbreak severity (estimated by observed aerial defoliation), and climate data for 164 sites in Québec, Canada. We used a linear mixed effect model to determine the impacts of climatic parameters, cumulative defoliation (of the previous five years), and their interaction effect on basal area growth. At maximum outbreak severity, basal area growth of black spruce was reduced by 14%–18% over five years due to SBW effect. This outbreak growth response was affected by climate: warmer previous summer minimum temperatures and a higher previous summer climate moisture index (CMI) further decreased growth by 11% and 4%, respectively. In contrast, the negative effect of defoliation was attenuated by 9% for a warmer minimum temperature in the previous spring and 7% for a warmer maximum temperature in the previous summer. This study improves our understanding of combined insect–climate effects on growth and helps in the predictions of future SBW-related damage to forest stands to bolster sustainable forest management. We also recommend that projections of boreal forest ecosystems include several classes of SBW defoliation severity coupled with multiple climatic scenarios.

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Predicting Post-Fire Tree Mortality in a Temperate Pine Forest, Korea

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Pinus koraiensis in China

Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Pinus koraiensis in China

Comparison between Post-Fire Analysis and Pre-Fire Risk Assessment According to Various Geospatial Data

Evaluating the impact of climate change on the black spruce defoliation by spruce budworm

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