Predicting Relapse to Substance Abuse as a Function of Personality Dimensions

Fisher, Lisa A.; Elias, Jeffrey W.; Ritz, Kathy

doi:10.1097/00000374-199808000-00007

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present finding that a low persistence score has a predictive value for relapse in the disorder of alcoholism confirms published reports [25][26][27] . The well-documented personality traits in relapsed patients with high scores in neuroticism and low scores in conscientiousness [22,24] measured by the NEO-FFI could not be confirmed unequivocally in the present analysis. However, there was a trend towards lower scores in conscientiousness in relapsed patients (p = 0.055).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…This is in line with results of Kravitz et al [23] , which revealed that dropouts in a study of alcohol-dependent men had higher novelty-seeking scores than non-dropouts. The risk of relapse, 1 year after an inpatient treatment program for alcohol-dependent patients, is greatest in patients with low scores in conscientiousness and high scores in neuroticism [22,24] . In addition, several follow-up studies over 6 months revealed low persistence scores as predictors of relapse in alcohol-dependent patients [25][26][27] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Personality Traits Predict Treatment Outcome in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Personality traits are important individual characteristics modifying responses to therapy in various diseases. The aim of this study was to identify personality traits that may predict treatment outcome in alcohol-dependent patients. The present analysis was based on a total of 146 alcohol-dependent patients (109 male, 37 female) after detoxification. The variable of interest was treatment outcome (abstinence/relapse) after a 1-year follow-up. To identify personality traits as predictors of treatment outcome, 5 personality questionnaires (NEO 5-Factor Inventory, Temperament and Character Inventory, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Eysenck Impulsiveness-Venturesomeness-Empathy Scale and Sensation-Seeking Scale) were applied. Data analysis was performed by using a classification and regression tree analysis (CART; a nonparametric technique for data with a complex structure) in order to find a decision rule to predict treatment outcome from personality traits. The CART model identified psychoticism and persistence as the 2 most relevant discriminatory parameters, of which psychoticism was used as the first node in the model, classifying 64% of the patients correctly as relapsed and 12% correctly as abstinent. In addition, the risk of relapse was even higher in patients with a substantial score in psychoticism and a low score in persistence. When comparing relapsed and abstinent patients, further variables, such as scores for novelty seeking (20.9 ± 5.5 vs. 18.5 ± 5.9) and impulsiveness (8.4 ± 3 vs. 7.2 ± 3.5), showed significance. In addition, relapsed patients lived alone more often than abstinent patients (52 vs. 25%, p = 0.004). In conclusion, this analysis demonstrated that specific personality characteristics, namely psychoticism and persistence, are usable predictors for the risk of relapse in alcohol-dependent patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Traits Predict Treatment Outcome in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies suggested that high N predicts the risk of alcohol dependence [Prescott et al, 1997] and relapse from treatment for drinking problems [Fisher et al, 1998]. In addition, consistent with the high levels of comorbidity observed between alcoholism and major depression [Grant and Harford, 1995;Lynskey, 1998], we found an elevated lifetime prevalence of major depression in our sample ($70%), which also links with high N. Thus, in our selected sample, we expected to see a distribution of N considerably skewed to the right from that observed in the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genome‐wide linkage analysis for the personality trait neuroticism in the Irish affected sib‐pair study of alcohol dependence

Kuo

Neale

Riley

et al. 2007

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroticism is a personality trait which reflects individual differences in emotional stability and vulnerability to stress and anxiety. Consistent evidence shows substantial genetic influences on variation in this trait. The present study seeks to identify regions containing susceptibility loci for neuroticism using a selected sib-pair sample from Ireland. Using Merlin regress, we conducted a 4 cM whole-genome linkage analysis on 714 sib-pairs. Evidence for linkage to neuroticism was found on chromosomes 11p, 12q, and 15q. The highest linkage peak was on 12q at marker D12S1638 with a Lod score of 2.13 (-log p = 2.76, empirical P-value <0.001). Our data also support gender specific loci for neuroticism, with male specific linkage regions on chromosomes 1, 4, 11, 12, 15, 16, and 22, and female specific linkage regions on chromosomes 2, 4, 9, 12, 13, and 18. Some genome regions reported in the present study replicate findings from previous linkage studies of neuroticism. These results, together with prior studies, indicate several potential regions for quantitative trait loci for neuroticism that warrant further study.

show abstract

“…These characteristics include habitual overuse which may render it problematic (Kwon et al, 2013; van Deursen, Bolle, Hegner, & Kommers, 2015); functional impairment including impaired driving (Violanti, 1998), difficulties in real-life social engagement (Kuss & Griffiths, 2011), sleep difficulties, depression, and anxiety (Demirci et al, 2015; Elhai et al, 2017); withdrawal following cessation of use (Kwon et al, 2013) such as elevated heart rate (Clayton, Leshner, & Almond, 2015); and a reinforcement element embedded in smartphone use such as pleasurable experiences (Kwon et al, 2013; Song, Larose, Eastin, & Lin, 2004). This conceptualization of PSU is similar to the defining features of other addictive behaviors such as substance use (Fisher, Elias, & Ritz, 1998; Marlatt, Baer, Donovan, & Kivlahan, 1988; Shaffer, 1996), hence we draw from relevant PTSD-addictive behaviors literature as elaborated below.…”

Section: Ptsd and Psumentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Relation Between PTSD Symptoms, Smartphone Feature Uses, and Problematic Smartphone Use

Contractor

Weiss

Elhai

2018

Social Science Computer Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are associated with addictive behaviors including problematic smartphone use (PSU). Drawing from existing theoretical models and empirical work, we examined the relation between PTSD symptoms, social/process-oriented smartphone feature uses, and PSU. Specifically, we examined the correlations between social/process-oriented smartphone feature uses with both PTSD symptom clusters (intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, alterations in arousal and reactivity) and PSU and the mediating role of social/process-oriented smartphone feature uses in the relation between PTSD symptom clusters and PSU. The current study used data from a sample of 347 community participants recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. Correlation results indicated that process-oriented smartphone feature uses correlated significantly (positively) with all the PTSD symptom clusters and PSU. Further, mediation results indicated that process-oriented smartphone feature use significantly mediated the relationship between each PTSD symptom cluster and PSU. Beyond highlighting the role of process-oriented smartphone feature uses (e.g., watching videos/TV/movies, reading books/magazines, games) in the relation between PTSD symptoms and PSU, our findings suggest that efforts to reduce PSU among individuals with PTSD symptoms should integrate strategies for reducing process-oriented uses of smartphones.

show abstract

Predicting Relapse to Substance Abuse as a Function of Personality Dimensions

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Personality Traits Predict Treatment Outcome in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

Personality Traits Predict Treatment Outcome in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

A genome‐wide linkage analysis for the personality trait neuroticism in the Irish affected sib‐pair study of alcohol dependence

Examination of the Relation Between PTSD Symptoms, Smartphone Feature Uses, and Problematic Smartphone Use

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About