Predicting salmon biomass remotely using a digital stereo-imaging technique

Beddow, T. A.; Ross, Liñdsay G.; Marchant, J.A.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01384-1

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…On the other hand, the morphological and habitat characteristics of flatfish lead to rule out other sampling systems by some of the previously studied image analysis (Ruff et al, 1995;Bedow et al, 1996;Sheih and Petrell, 1998;Tillet et al, 2000;Lines et al, 2001;Martinez-de Dios et al, 2003;Costa et al, 2006Costa et al, , 2009Hufschmied et al, 2011). Particularly, they make easier their study in 2D through the volume occupied by the layer of fish in the tank bottom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computer-imaging techniques in aquaculture are widely used to monitor behavior and welfare of fish (Cordero et al, 1994;Kato et al, 1996;Conte, 2004;Kristiansen et al, 2004;Stien et al, 2007;Duarte et al, 2009), to counting fish (Costa et al, 2009), to stock identification (Cadrin and Friedland, 1999;White et al, 2006;), and to estimate size and weight (Ruff et al, 1995;Bedow et al, 1996;Sheih and Petrell, 1998;Tillet et al, 2000;Lines et al, 2001;Martinez-de Dios et al, 2003;Costa et al, 2006Costa et al, , 2009Hufschmied et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the techniques that use the stereo-vision methodology consist in two views of a fish to estimate the fish dimensions in 3-D (Ruff et al, 1995;Bedow et al, 1996;Tillet et al, 2000;Lines et al, 2001;Martinez-de Dios et al, 2003;Costa et al, 2006Costa et al, , 2009. Based on this methodology, AQ1 Systems developed commercially the AQ1 AM100 to measure and count fish in cages (AQ1 Systems, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The laser scanner is a reliable method to estimate the biomass of a Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) population in a tank

Almansa

Reig

Oca

2015

Aquacultural Engineering

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The measurement of total fish biomass is an essential practice in the aquaculture management. The method commonly used which involves removing a sub-sample of fish from a tank, weighing it and extrapolating the result to the whole tank, carries a large error, is intense labor and causes great stress. Here, we tested a laser scanning method to estimate the total fish biomass from the total fish volume of a sole population (Solea senegalensis) in a tank.The ratio FB/FLV of Fish Biomass (FB), weighing the 100 % of soles, versus the Fish layer volume (FLV) measured by the laser scanning, is calculated. Different fish size (small and large) and stocking densities (very low, low, medium and high) were tested. To test the method in the worst conditions, in Very Low stocking density, fish were 3.0 g ± 1.1 (individual mean weight ± SD); but in Low, Medium and High stocking density fish were 234.0 g ± 84.6 (individual mean weight ± SD). The fish layer volume included the fish biomass and the interstitial water present among them, which can be estimated from the ratio FB/FLV. In Medium and High rearing densities with larger fish the ratio takes values very close to 1 (0.957 ± 0.021 and 0.967 ± 0.011) giving percentages of interstitial water lower than 5%. But in Very Low stocking density (0.4 kg/m2) with smaller fish (3.0 g ± 1.1), the ratio FB/FLV was much lower, giving a non-realistic percentage of interstitial water estimation. The low ratios obtained at very low stocking densities are due to the resolution of the image catching 2 process, which is aggravated when working with small fish, since the error of a pixel from a digital image represents a larger percentage of error than with larger fish and higher stocking density. It should be noted that the Coefficient of Variation (CV) obtained was very low (in all cases lower than 7.2 %) and decreased as the stocking density increased achieving the lowest value (1.1 %) at High stocking density. The laser scanning has proven to be a useful tool to estimate the total fish layer volume of flatfish, and thus fish biomass, in an aquaculture tank with a usual grow-out stocking density for sole, reducing the labor involved and the stress commonly associated to manual sampling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The laser scanner is a reliable method to estimate the biomass of a Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) population in a tank

Almansa

Reig

Oca

2015

Aquacultural Engineering

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“…This set of lengths is known as a truss network. Methods for estimating mass from this network of lengths have been identified elsewhere [1][2][3]. Errors may be expected in these length measurements since the fish, although anesthetized, still have involuntary spasms, making precise measurement difficult.…”

Section: Collecting Images and Ground Truth Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This data was based on hand measurements made on anesthetized fish [2]. Beddow et al [3] have shown that the masses of individual salmon can be measured to within ±9% from stereo images using manually identified points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Dimensions of Free-Swimming Fish Using 3D Point Distribution Models

Tillett¹,

McFarlane²,

Lines³

2000

Computer Vision and Image Understanding

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Monitoring the growth of farmed fish is an important task which is currently difficult to carry out. An underwater stereo image analysis technique offers the potential for estimating key dimensions of free-swimming fish, from which the fish mass can be estimated. This paper describes the development of a three-dimensional point distribution model to capture the typical shape and variability of salmon viewed from the side. The model was fitted to stereo images of test fish by minimizing an energy function, which was based on probability distributions. The minimization was an iterated two-step method in which edges were selected for magnitude, direction, and proximity to the model, and the model was then fitted to the edges. A search strategy for locating the edges in 3D was devised. The model is tested on two image sets. In the first set 19 of the 26 fish are located in spite of their variable appearance and the presence of neighboring fish. In the second set the measurements made on 11 images of fish are compared with manual measurements of the fish dimensions and show an average error in length estimation of 5%.

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References

2004

Cage Aquaculture

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Predicting salmon biomass remotely using a digital stereo-imaging technique

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

The laser scanner is a reliable method to estimate the biomass of a Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) population in a tank

The laser scanner is a reliable method to estimate the biomass of a Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) population in a tank

Estimating Dimensions of Free-Swimming Fish Using 3D Point Distribution Models

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