Predicting teenage girls' sexual activity and contraception use: An application of Matching Law

Bulow, Pamela J.; Meller, Paul J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6629(199811)26:6<581::aid-jcop5>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, Baum's (1974, 1979) seminal papers on the GME showed that the GME described choice in many different laboratory investigations that used a variety of procedures and were designed to evaluate a variety of choice‐influencing variables. In applied extensions, the GME has been found to account for a substantial amount of variance in the allocation across response options of behaviors as diverse as conversation (Borrero, et al, 2007; McDowell & Caron, in press‐ a ), teen pregnancy (Bulow & Meller, 1998), classroom conduct (Billington & DiTommaso, 2003), and sport performance (Reed, Critchfield, & Martens, 2006; Vollmer & Bourret, 2000). The same consistent good fit also has been shown for numerous instances within selected domains of application (for example, over 300 college basketball teams; Alferink, Critchfield, Hitt, & Higgins, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Matching Relation and Situation‐specific Bias Modulation in Professional Football Play Selection

Stilling

Critchfield

2010

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The utility of a quantitative model depends on the extent to which its fitted parameters vary systematically with environmental events of interest. Professional football statistics were analyzed to determine whether play selection (passing versus rushing plays) could be accounted for with the generalized matching equation, and in particular whether variations in play selection across game situations would manifest as changes in the equation's fitted parameters. Statistically significant changes in bias were found for each of five types of game situations; no systematic changes in sensitivity were observed. Further analyses suggested relationships between play selection bias and both turnover probability (which can be described in terms of punishment) and yards-gained variance (which can be described in terms of variable-magnitude reinforcement schedules). The present investigation provides a useful demonstration of association between face-valid, situation-specific effects in a domain of everyday interest, and a theoretically important term of a quantitative model of behavior. Such associations, we argue, are an essential focus in translational extensions of quantitative models.

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confidence: 99%

The Matching Relation and Situation‐specific Bias Modulation in Professional Football Play Selection

Stilling

Critchfield

2010

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…First, the fact that the GML succeeds to any extent in describing football play selection suggests broad generality of the overall matching relation to situations outside the laboratory (Reed et al 2006). This aspect of our results is hardly novel; analogous demonstrations have become increasingly common in recent years (Alferink et al 2009;Billington and DiTommaso 2003;Borrero et al 2007;Bulow and Meller 1998;Reed et al 2011;Vollmer and Bourret 2000). Second, the present findings indicate that at least one domain of application, football, may be better understood by attending to the GML's fitted parameters rather than by simply evaluating whether a linear relationship exists between play-selection behaviors and yardage-gained reinforcers.…”

Section: Concluding Comments On Explanatory Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The GML has accounted for more variance in laboratory studies (Baum 1979) and some field extensions, though not all, (see Billington and DiTommaso 2003;Borrero et al 2007;Bulow and Meller 1998) than was the case here. This discrepancy may be accounted for partly by the fact that football data sources contain an unknown amount of labeling error, because plays are categorized as passing or rushing based on what actually transpires, not necessarily what was intended by the team's play selector (no public record is available of what plays were planned).…”

Section: Goodness Of Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently the matching law also advanced the analysis of behavior in many non-laboratory situations, revealing parallels with laboratory-based choice in behaviors as diverse as conversation (Borrero et al 2007;Conger and Killeen 1974), teen pregnancy (Bulow and Meller 1998), classroom conduct (Billington and DiTommaso 2003), and sport performance (Vollmer and Bourret 2000;Reed et al 2006). The present report concerns a type of contribution that typically is lacking from translational investigations of matching.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Explanatory Flexibility of the Matching Law: Situational Bias Interactions in Football Play Selection

2014

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The generalized matching law was used to evaluate play selection (passing versus rushing) in professional football game situations defined by combinations of football-specific factors. Archival statistics were analyzed to determine whether play selection covaried with yards gained from passing and rushing plays, and whether the details of this relationship, as measured by the matching law's fitted parameters, varied systematically across game situations. The matching law accounted for substantial variance in play selection for several combinations of game situations, and statistically significant situation-interaction effects were found for bias, but not sensitivity. Follow up analyses revealed that, across game situations, play-selection bias effects were closely related to relative probability of a turnover (can be described in terms of punishment) and the relative yards-gained variance (which can be described in terms of variable-magnitude reinforcement schedules). These results bolster an operant-choice interpretation of football play selection; they reveal two separate aspects of play preference (generic matching versus bias); and provide a rare example of how face-valid effects in a domain of everyday interest may relate to a theoretically-important term of a laboratory-based quantitative model of choice.

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“…This relatively simple equation dramatically shifted the analysis of basic operant principles and has become a mainstay in experimental analyses of behavior. Moreover, this basic notion of matching has accounted for many real-world behaviors such as teen pregnancy (Bulow & Meller, 1998), academic behaviors (Billington & DiTommaso, 2003;Reed & Martens, 2008), and attending to conversational peers (Borrero et al, 2007;Conger & Killeen, 1974). Most germane to this discussion, however, is the recent translation of the matching law to sports (e.g., Alferink, Critchfield, Hitt, & Higgins, 2009;Reed, Critchfield, & Martens, 2006;Romanowich, Bourret, & Vollmer, 2007;Stilling & Critchfield, 2010;Vollmer & Bourret, 2000).…”

Section: Matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Sport Psychology

Luiselli¹,

Reed²

2011

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except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) v vi Preface criteria when selecting chapters for the book. First, our objective was to assemble chapters authored by recognized experts in sport psychology and performance management. We also wanted chapters to reflect the most contemporary clinical and experimental findings. Most important, the chapters contain many recommendations for improving behavioral sport psychology applications, advancing research, and refining the performance of youth, amateur, and elite athletes. A book of this type cannot cover every relevant topic, but hopefully, we have addressed many of the dominant areas that make up the sport psychology landscape.We are, first and foremost, clinical psychologists, but also avid sport enthusiasts. Dr. Luiselli acknowledges the many coaches who shaped his athletic pursuits in middle school, high school, and college: James C. Murphy, Michael Donato, Richard Sterndale, Jerry Splaine, Louis Gnerre, Rocky Carzo, and Herb Erikson. My father, the late James "Jack the Barber" Luiselli, was my finest coach, always there in the stands, consistently positive, and helping me in ways he probably never realized -I am forever indebted to him. I thank my wife, Dr. Tracy Evans Luiselli, for enduring my tales of athletic conquests long gone and commiserating with me during Patriots, Celtics, Bruins, and Red Sox games. Our daughter, Gabrielle Luiselli, has given us so much pleasure watching her perform on the ice and landing those combination jumps. And to our son, Thomas Luiselli, your exploits on the hockey rink and the lacrosse field fill us with pride -you and your sister are true champions! Dr. Reed acknowledges his father, David Reed, for being a patient trainer, an understanding coach, and most importantly, an unconditional fan and supporter. I thank my mentors, Dr. Thomas Critchfield, Dr. Brian Martens, and my co-editor, Dr. James Luiselli, for supporting my efforts to study the behavioral processes underlying athletic performance. Finally, I thank my wife, Dr. Florence DiGennaro Reed, for humoring me when I claim that my playing of football video games is for the sake of science.

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Predicting teenage girls' sexual activity and contraception use: An application of Matching Law

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

The Matching Relation and Situation‐specific Bias Modulation in Professional Football Play Selection

The Matching Relation and Situation‐specific Bias Modulation in Professional Football Play Selection

Explanatory Flexibility of the Matching Law: Situational Bias Interactions in Football Play Selection

Behavioral Sport Psychology

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