“…Suffice it here to report that a formulation having 50 % (w/w) of rapeseed oil, 30 % (w/w) of ethanol, and 20 % (w/w) of 2MTHF has a kinematic viscosity of 3.30 mm 2 /s at 40°C (313.15 K). This viscosity value is then comparable to the viscosity value required for a European automotive petrol fuel and biodiesel [3,4].…”
Section: Ternary Phase Diagramsmentioning
confidence: 72%
“…The use of rapeseed oil as a fuel has two limiting factors, i.e., its high viscosity and its low cetane number (CN). The kinematic viscosity of European automotive petrol fuel and biodiesel should be, respectively, 2-4.5 mm 2 /s [3] and 3.5-5 mm 2 / s at 40°C (313.15 K) [4], but the kinematic viscosity of rapeseed oil was measured around 34 mm 2 /s at the same temperature [3,5]. CN is an indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and an important factor in determining the quality of diesel fuel [3].…”
“…Suffice it here to report that a formulation having 50 % (w/w) of rapeseed oil, 30 % (w/w) of ethanol, and 20 % (w/w) of 2MTHF has a kinematic viscosity of 3.30 mm 2 /s at 40°C (313.15 K). This viscosity value is then comparable to the viscosity value required for a European automotive petrol fuel and biodiesel [3,4].…”
Section: Ternary Phase Diagramsmentioning
confidence: 72%
“…The use of rapeseed oil as a fuel has two limiting factors, i.e., its high viscosity and its low cetane number (CN). The kinematic viscosity of European automotive petrol fuel and biodiesel should be, respectively, 2-4.5 mm 2 /s [3] and 3.5-5 mm 2 / s at 40°C (313.15 K) [4], but the kinematic viscosity of rapeseed oil was measured around 34 mm 2 /s at the same temperature [3,5]. CN is an indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and an important factor in determining the quality of diesel fuel [3].…”
“…Chavarria-Hernandez and Pacheco-Catalán [6] arrived at three equations for predicting kinematic viscosity of saturated FAME (Eq. 13), mono-unsaturated FAME (Eq.…”
Section: Effects Of Temperature and Molecular Structure On The Viscosmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, the estimation model must account for the temperature dependency of viscosity [5]. There are two types of viscosities, dynamic and kinematic and their relationship is mathematically described by Chavarria-Hernandez and Pacheco-Catalán [6].…”
“…Keywords Biodiesel · Density · Dynamic viscosity · Gibbs energy · Kinematic viscosity · Fatty acid methyl ester models for estimation of density [1][2][3][4] and kinematic and dynamic viscosities [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Recently, two mathematical models based on Gibbs energy additivity were used for estimation of density [4] and kinematic viscosity [11] of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and biodiesel.…”
Viscosity is an important physical property of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and biodiesel (mixture of FAMEs). In this work, quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) for estimation of dynamic viscosity of FAMEs and biodiesel is approached via the Gibbs energy additivity method. The Gibbs energy of dynamic viscous flow is simply derived from the sum of the Gibbs energy of kinematic viscous flow and Gibbs energy of volumetric expansion. The derived model can be used for estimation of dynamic viscosity of saturated and unsaturated FAMEs commonly found in nature. Also, the proposed model can be extended to a mixture of FAMEs or biodiesel as well as biodiesel blends. Thus, the dynamic viscosity of FAMEs as well as neat and blended biodiesels can be estimated by the same equation from the carbon number (z) and number of double bonds (nd) at different temperature (T). The average absolute deviation (AAD) values for saturated, unsaturated FAMEs, biodiesels, and biodiesel blends (at 20–100 °C) are approximately the same as the original model for estimation of kinematic viscosity.
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