Predicting the Physical Activity Intention–Behavior Profiles of Adopters and Maintainers Using Three Social Cognition Models

Rhodes, Ryan E.; Plotnikoff, Ronald C.; Courneya, Kerry S.

doi:10.1007/s12160-008-9071-6

Cited by 103 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…Consistent with research that has used an action control framework to investigate intention-behavior coupling [14,21], event categories were created based on whether or not participants intended to be active and whether or not they subsequently accumulated at least 10 min of MVPA in the 3-hour window after the EMA prompt. On occasions when participants intended to engage in PA, participants were categorized as subsequently engaging in PA (i.e., intentions followed by PA) or subsequently not engaging in PA (i.e., intentions followed by no PA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary assessment of physical activity intention-behavior coupling in adults

Maher

Rhodes

Dzubur

et al. 2017

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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Research attempting to elucidate physical activity (PA) intention-behavior relations has focused on differences in long-term behavior forecasting between people. However, regular PA requires a repeated performance on a daily or within-daily basis. An empirical case study application is presented using intensive longitudinal data from a study of PA in adults to (a) describe the extent to which shortterm intention-behavior coupling occurs and (b) explore time-varying predictors of intention formation and shortterm intention-behavior coupling. Adults (n = 116) participated in three 4-day waves of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Each day, participants received EMA questionnaires assessing short-term PA intentions and wore accelerometers to assess whether they engaged in ≥10 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the 3-hour period after each EMA prompt. Concurrent affective states and contexts were also assessed through EMA. Participants reported having short-term intentions to engage in PA in 41% of EMA prompts. However, participants only engaged in ≥10 min of MVPA following 16% of the prompts that short-term PA intentions were reported indicating an intention-behavior gap of 84%. Odds of intentions followed by PA were greater on occasions when individuals reported higher levels of positive affect than was typical for them. This study is the first to take an EMA approach to describe short-term intentionbehavior coupling in adults. Results suggest that adults have difficulty translating intentions into behavior at the momentary level, more so than over longer timescales, and that positive affect may be a key to successfully translating intentions into behavior. Keywords Intention-behavior gap, Exercise, Planned behavior, MotivationIntentions to engage in physical activity (PA) are posited as a proximal determinant of behavior in many popular theories of motivation [1,2]. Yet, the predictive power of intentions to explain PA behavior is often limited in empirical studies [3,4]. Previous research has almost exclusively focused on identifying time-invariant predictors of why some people have stronger intentions than others (i.e., intention formation) or are better able to follow-though with their intentions than others (intention-behavioral coupling) [5,6]. Studies in this area often focus on long-term intentions such as intentions to engage in regular PA over time spans up to several months. As a result, it is unclear what time-varying factors predict intentions to be active and intention-behavior coupling over shorter time frames such as minutes and hours, which may be important for understanding why individuals fail to engage in PA that was intended just a few hours earlier. This article describes methods for using intensive longitudinal data (IDL) collected through ecological momentary assessment (EMA) as well as accelerometery to investigate short-term intentions to be active and intention-behavior coupling in adults.Even though individuals may form intentions to be active, evidence ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary assessment of physical activity intention-behavior coupling in adults

Maher

Rhodes

Dzubur

et al. 2017

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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“…Research on the topic suggests that the behavioral translation of physical activity intentions is around 50% (e.g., Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, 2004;Rhodes & Plotnikoff, 2006). Researchers and theorists have thus postulated that (a) either additional variables other than intention explain behavior or (b) intermediary variables moderate the intentionbehavior relationship (Norman & Conner, 2005;Rhodes, Plotnikoff, & Courneya, 2008;Schwarzer, 1992;Sheeran, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps more important, habit may have an impact on action control (i.e., translating intention into behavior). Discrepancy between initial positive intention and resulting behavior is important in the physical activity domain because most of the populace has positive intentions but at least half often fail to act (Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, 2004;Rhodes & Plotnikoff, 2006;Rhodes, Plotnikoff et al, 2008;Sheeran, 2002). Habitual patterns (same routine) seem apt for helping with the seamless transition of motivation to behavior without considerable deliberation and social cognition.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Second, it was hypothesized that habit would be linked with action control (Rhodes & Plotnikoff, 2006;Rhodes, Plotnikoff et al, 2008); that is, habit would differentiate those with physical activity intentions who successfully engaged in physical activity from those who were unsuccessful. This hypothesis was based on theorizing that habit represents goal-driven (high intent) automaticity (Verplanken & Aarts, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Habit in the Physical Activity Domain: Integration With Intention Temporal Stability and Action Control

Rhodes

Bruijn

Matheson

2010

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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The purpose of this study was to explore the role of habit in predicting physical activity with the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The study extended previous research by (a) including a measure of temporal intention stability in the regression equation, and (b) unpacking the intention × behavior × habit relationship. Participants were 153 undergraduate students who completed a habit measure and measures of the TPB at Time 1 followed by measures of intention and behavior 2 weeks later. Results using regression analysis demonstrated that habit explained 7% additional variance after accounting for the TPB and temporal stability of intention and its interaction with intention. Follow-up analyses showed considerable asymmetry in the three-way relationship between intention, behavior, and habit, where high habit participants were composed primarily of intenders (i.e., intended to be active >3 times/week at 30 min) who engaged in regular physical activity (70%, n = 28) and low habit participants were inactive nonintenders (i.e., did not intend to be active >3 times/week at 30 min and were subsequently not active; 69%, n = 25). The results support the notion that some properties of physical activity may have an automatic component and that habits may be important to physical activity action control.

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“…Negative information (from either stressing short-term consequences or emphasizing negative wordings) may potentially act as a stronger mobilizer of cognitive resources toward overcoming exercise barriers (i.e., resolve measure) than barriers preventing fruit intake. That is, exercise is considered to be a strenuous behavior that requires more cognitive control of individuals so as to better deal and cope with barriers and restraints than more mundane and lower effort behaviors (Bandura, 1989;Rhodes & de Bruijn, 2010;Rhodes, Plotnikoff, & Courneya, 2008), such as moderate-intensity physical activities and fruit intake (De Bruijn, Brug, & Van Lenthe, 2009;De Bruijn, de Groot, van den Putte, & Rhodes, 2009;Rhodes & de Bruijn, 2010). Thus, negative information may stimulate participants to believe that they need to exert more effort toward dealing and coping with barriers for exercise behaviors than for fruit consumption.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temporal Consequences, Message Framing, and Consideration of Future Consequences: Persuasion Effects on Adult Fruit Intake Intention and Resolve

Bruijn

Budding

2016

Journal of Health Communication

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Predicting the Physical Activity Intention–Behavior Profiles of Adopters and Maintainers Using Three Social Cognition Models

Abstract: The results provide useful information for intervention campaigns and demonstrate a need to consider adoption and maintenance profiles.

Cited by 103 publications

References 34 publications

Momentary assessment of physical activity intention-behavior coupling in adults

Momentary assessment of physical activity intention-behavior coupling in adults

Habit in the Physical Activity Domain: Integration With Intention Temporal Stability and Action Control

Temporal Consequences, Message Framing, and Consideration of Future Consequences: Persuasion Effects on Adult Fruit Intake Intention and Resolve

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