Predicting the susceptibility of Illinois forest stands to defoliation by the gypsy moth / David L. Swofford, Michael R. Jeffords, and Karen W. O'Hayer

Swofford, David L.; O'Hayer, Karen W.; Jeffords, Michael R.; Illinois.,

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.15179

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Statistical analysis of allozyme data was executed using the computer programmes BIOSYS-2 (Swofford et al 1997), DISPAN (Ota 1993), GENEPOP version 3.1b (Raymond and Rousset 1997), GeneClass (Cornuet et al 1999) and POPTOOLS version 2.5 (Hood 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterisation of a domestic dogCanis familiaris breed endemic to South African rural areas

Greyling¹,

Grobler²,

Bank³

et al. 2004

Acta Theriol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterisation of a domestic dogCanis familiaris breed endemic to South African rural areas

Greyling¹,

Grobler²,

Bank³

et al. 2004

Acta Theriol

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“…Nucleotide alignments of partial recA, atpD and SSU sequences were assembled using   (Thompson et al, 1997) and optimized by hand. Molecular phylogenies were reconstructed using the neighbour-joining method (Saitou & Nei, 1987), with distances estimated using Jukes-Cantor, Kimura's two-parameter (K2P), Galtier and Gouy, Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano (HKY85), Log-det and Tajima and Nei models using  ,  (Galtier et al, 1996) and *4.0 (Swofford, 1997), with 1000 bootstrap replications. Maximum-likelihood analysis was performed using three different software implementations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenies of atpD and recA support the small subunit rRNA-based classification of rhizobia.

Gaunt¹,

Turner²,

Rigottier-Gois³

et al. 2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

372

204

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The current classification of the rhizobia (root-nodule symbionts) assigns them to six genera. It is strongly influenced by the small subunit (16S, SSU) rRNA molecular phylogeny, but such single-gene phylogenies may not reflect the evolution of the genome as a whole. To test this, parts of the atpD and recA genes have been sequenced for 25 type strains within the α-Proteobacteria, representing species in Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, Agrobacterium, Phyllobacterium, Mycoplana and Brevundimonas. The current genera Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium are well supported by these genes, each forming a distinct phylogenetic clade with unequivocal bootstrap support. There is good support for a Rhizobium clade that includes Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the very close relationship between Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Rhizobium tropici is confirmed. There is evidence for recombination within the genera Mesorhizobium and Sinorhizobium, but the congruence of the phylogenies at higher levels indicates that the genera are genetically isolated. rRNA provides a reliable distinction between genera, but genetic relationships within a genus may be disturbed by recombination. Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Mesorhizobium, recA, atpD Keywords : INTRODUCTIONThe rhizobia are root-nodulating bacteria responsible for a significant part of the global fixation of nitrogen. The ability of rhizobia to nodulate plants and reduce N # is conferred by genes that are plasmid-borne in many species (Pueppke, 1996), and the lateral transfer The atpD and recA sequences and details of the SimPlot analyses are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online (http :// ijs.sgmjournals.org/ ).Abbreviations : HKY85, Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model ; K2P, Kimura's two-parameter model ; SSU, small subunit rRNA.The EMBL accession numbers for the sequences reported in this study are AJ294386-AJ294409 (atpD) and AJ294363-AJ294385 (recA). of these genes is the most likely explanation for their occurrence within several distinct clades of subgroup 2 of the α-Proteobacteria (Dobert et al., 1994 ; Kaijalainen & Lindstro$ m, 1989 ;Lindstro$ m et al., 1995 ;Young, 1998 ;Young & Johnston, 1989). The phylogeny of the nodulation genes is quite different from that of the small subunit rRNA (SSU or 16S rRNA) genes in these bacteria. As in other bacterial groups, the SSU phylogeny has had a major influence on our current perception of evolutionary relationships among rhizobia ( Willems & Collins, 1993 ;Young, 1996 ;Young et al., 1991). More than 20 species have been described, and they are classified into the genera Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium and Azorhizobium as well as ' Methylobacterium nodulans ' (de Lajudie et al., 1994' (de Lajudie et al., , 1998b Dreyfus et al., 1988 ; Jarvis et al., 1997 ; Jordan, 1982 ;Sy et al., 2001 M. W. Gaunt and others ing much slower growth on laboratory media (Dreyfus et al., 1988 ; Fred et al., 1932 ; Jordan, 1982). They are also fairly distant in the SSU p...

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“…FST, defined as a standardized genetic variance among (sub)populations, was estimated using two different algorithms. First, to allow comparison with other studies, we calculated GST using the BIOSYS-1 (Swofford & Selander, 1989) program to obtain Neis (1986) (Weir & Cockerham, 1984;Porter, 1990;Wolf & Soltis, 1992;Cockerham & Weir, 1993). Hence, we also calculated 0 estimates using the FSTAT program where significance testing of 0 was carried out by jackknifing over loci (Goudet, 1995).…”

Section: General Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statistical analyses Allele frequencies were calculated from genotype frequencies observed in zymograms using the BIOSYS-1 computer program (Swofford & Selander, 1989). …”

Section: General Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The successful founder: genetics of introduced Carduelis chloris (greenfinch) populations in New Zealand

1996

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The amount and distribution of genetic variation in seven introduced New Zealand populations of Carduelis chioris were assessed at 40 loci using starch gel electrophoresis and compared with those in native European populations. Fewer alleles (1.45) and fewer polymorphic foci (33 per cent) were detected across the introduced populations than across native populations (1.75, 55 per cent), reflecting the narrow geographical origin of the introduced populations. There was no evidence for severe inbreeding or genetic drift as the levels of average heterozygosity (H = 0.025), percentage polymorphic loci (P = 16.9) and average number of alleles per locus (A = 1.22) were indistinguishable from levels observed within European populations (H = 0.025, P 14.1, A = 1.19). Furthermore, introduced populations were genetically less weakly differentiated (FST = 0.022) than native populations (FST = 0.041), indicating that little genetic drift has been involved in the colonization of the new range.Similar levels of genetic variability in native and introduced greenfinch populations are consistent with theoretical expectations as the founder population size was relatively large (>60 individuals) and a rapid increase in population size directly after colonization was documented.A review of earlier studies on introduced birds also revealed that reductions in levels of genetic variability seem to be inversely proportional to the size of the founder population, and that less variation has been lost if the rate of population growth directly after introduction was fast.

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Predicting the susceptibility of Illinois forest stands to defoliation by the gypsy moth / David L. Swofford, Michael R. Jeffords, and Karen W. O'Hayer

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic characterisation of a domestic dogCanis familiaris breed endemic to South African rural areas

Genetic characterisation of a domestic dogCanis familiaris breed endemic to South African rural areas

Phylogenies of atpD and recA support the small subunit rRNA-based classification of rhizobia.

The successful founder: genetics of introduced Carduelis chloris (greenfinch) populations in New Zealand

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