Predicting the timing of second praziquantel treatment and its effect on reduction of egg counts in southern Ghana

Nsowah-Nuamah, N. N. N.; Aryeetey, M.E.; Jolayemi, E. T.; Wagatsuma, Yukiko; Mensah, George; Dontwi, I. K.; Nkrumah, Francis; Kojima, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2002.03.001

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Contrary to findings of Nsowah-Nuamah et al [25] in a study in Ghana where the prevalence of infection was reduced by 80–90% at 12 months after treatment, the prevalence in the current study was reduced by 91.6% only for 6 months which was reduced to 69.1% by the 12th month due to maturation of juvenile parasites that were not susceptible to the praziquantel [22] which have started oviposition and new infections. Therefore, our findings necessitate re-treatment with praziquantel after 12 months when prevalence increased contrary to the studies in Ghana [25] and Burkina Faso [16]. Although this is contrary to WHO [26] recommendation that communities with moderate risk (≥10% but <50% prevalence) should treat once every 2 years.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…According to Toure et al [16], the reduction in the intensity is particularly of importance as high intensity of S. haematobium infection has been shown to contribute to morbidity seen in schistosomiasis infection which includes anaemia in children [24]. Contrary to findings of Nsowah-Nuamah et al [25] in a study in Ghana where the prevalence of infection was reduced by 80–90% at 12 months after treatment, the prevalence in the current study was reduced by 91.6% only for 6 months which was reduced to 69.1% by the 12th month due to maturation of juvenile parasites that were not susceptible to the praziquantel [22] which have started oviposition and new infections. Therefore, our findings necessitate re-treatment with praziquantel after 12 months when prevalence increased contrary to the studies in Ghana [25] and Burkina Faso [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Single Dose Praziquantel Treatment on Schistosoma haematobium Infection among School Children in an Endemic Nigerian Community

et al. 2018

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Schistosomiasis is prevalent in Nigeria, and the foremost pathogen is Schistosoma haematobium, which affects about 29 million people. Single dose of the drug praziquantel is often recommended for treatment but the efficacy has not been documented in certain regions. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the impact of single dose praziquantel treatment on S. haematobium infection among school children in an endemic community of South-Western Nigeria. Urine samples were collected from 434 school children and 10 ml was filtered through Nucleopore filter paper before examination for egg outputs by microscopy. The prevalence was 24.9% at pre-treatment. There was no statistically significant difference for the prevalence of infection between males (14.7%) and females (10.2%), although the mean egg count for the females (9.87) was significantly more (P<0.05) than the males (6.06). At 6 and 12 months post-treatment there was 74.4% and 86.4% reduction in the mean egg count, respectively. Interestingly, an increased prevalence of infection from 2.1% at 6 months to 7.7% at 12 months post-treatment was observed, nonetheless the mean egg count was reduced to 0.27 at 12th month from 1.98 at 6 months post-treatment. Resurgence in the prevalence rate between 6 and 12 months post-treatment with praziquantel is herein reported and the need for a follow-up treatment in endemic areas for adequate impact on schistosomiasis control is discussed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Single Dose Praziquantel Treatment on Schistosoma haematobium Infection among School Children in an Endemic Nigerian Community

et al. 2018

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“…Impact of treatment varies according to region and treatment strategy. An annual treatment strategy has significantly reduced prevalence of schistosomiasis 1, 2, and 3 years post-treatment in West Africa, i.e., Burkina Faso [38], Niger [55], Ghana [56]; East Africa i.e., Uganda [57], and in Central Africa, i.e., Cameroun [23,26]. For STH, we recommend a biannual PC strategy including pre and SAC, women of child bearing age including pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and lactating women and adults at high risk in certain occupations (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy

Nguema

Mavoungou²,

Ngou-Milama³

et al. 2018

TropicalMed

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In order to follow the Preventive Chemotherapy (PC) for the transmission control as recommended by WHO, Gabon initiated in 2014 the mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH). Here, we report the results of the Northern and Eastern health regions, representing a third of the land area and 12% of its total population. All nine departments of the two regions were surveyed and from each, five schools were examined with 50 schoolchildren per school. The parasitological examinations were realized using the filtration method for urine and the Kato-Katz technique for stool samples. Overall 2245 schoolchildren (1116 girls and 1129 boys), mean aged 11.28 ± 0.04 years, were examined. Combined schistosomiasis and STH affected 1270 (56.6%) with variation between regions, departments, and schools. For schistosomiasis, prevalence were 1.7% across the two regions, with no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the Northern (1.5%) and the Eastern (1.9%). Schistosomiasis is mainly caused by Schistosoma haematobium with the exception of one respective case of S. mansoni and S. guineensis. STH are more common than schistosomiasis, with an overall prevalence of 56.1% significantly different between the Northern (58.1%) and Eastern (53.6%) regions (p = 0.034). Trichuris trichiura is the most abundant infection with a prevalence of 43.7% followed by Ascaris lumbricoides 35.6% and hookworms 1.4%. According to these results, an appropriate PC strategy is given. In particular, because of the low efficacy of a single recommended drug on T. trichiura and hookworms, it is important to include two drugs for the treatment of STH in Gabon, due to the high prevalence and intensities of Trichuris infections.

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Implementation of national schistosomiasis control programmes in West Africa

Garba

Touré

Dembelé

et al. 2006

Trends in Parasitology

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Predicting the timing of second praziquantel treatment and its effect on reduction of egg counts in southern Ghana

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Impact of Single Dose Praziquantel Treatment on Schistosoma haematobium Infection among School Children in an Endemic Nigerian Community

Impact of Single Dose Praziquantel Treatment on Schistosoma haematobium Infection among School Children in an Endemic Nigerian Community

Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy

Implementation of national schistosomiasis control programmes in West Africa

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