Predicting Trail-Running Performance With Laboratory Exercise Tests and Field-Based Results

Scheer, Volker; Janssen, Tanja I.; Vieluf, Solveig; Heitkamp, Hans-Christian

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0390

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…relation with performance of V VT1 and VO 2 peak was larger among women; whereas the magnitude of the correlation with performance of V peak was larger among men. The significant association found between VO 2 peak and performance coincides with most of previous research in the field [3,[5][6][7], although not all [8]. Besides, our results highlight a large association between race time and V VT1 and V VT2 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Indeed, controversy remains regarding the importance of running economy (i. e., energy demand for a given velocity of submaximal running) upon trail running performance [11,12], with some authors reporting a correlation to race time [8,13] while others do not [4][5][6]. In addition, the importance of substrate utilization is being increasingly emphasized to predict endurance performance [14,15].…”

Section: Ultra Trail Performance Is Differently Predicted By Endurancmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore of interest for athletes and coaches to identify those factors that play a critical role in performance in order to improve training strategies and competition results. Previous studies have explored possible factors related with race time in trail running races ranging from 21 km to 75 km [3][4][5][6][7][8]. It remains unclear, however, whether the classical physiological variables of endurance running performance (i. e., maximal oxygen uptake, ventilatory thresholds) [9] hold for longer trail running races (i. e., > 100 km).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra Trail Performance is Differently Predicted by Endurance Variables in Men and Women

et al. 2020

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The study aimed to assess the relationship between peak oxygen uptake, ventilatory thresholds and maximal fat oxidation with ultra trail male and female performance. 47 athletes (29 men and 18 women) completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test between 2 to 4 weeks before a 107-km ultra trail. Body composition was also analyzed using a bioelectrical impedance weight scale. Exploratory correlation analyses showed that peak oxygen uptake (men: r=–0.63, p=0.004; women: r=–0.85, p < 0.001), peak speed (men: r=–0.74, p < 0.001; women: r=–0.69, p=0.009), speed at first (men: r=–0.49, p=0.035; women: r=–0.76, p=0.003) and second (men: r=–0.73, p < 0.001; women: r=–0.76, p=0.003) ventilatory threshold, and maximal fat oxidation (men: r=–0.53, p=0.019; women: r=–0.59, p=0.033) were linked to race time in male and female athletes. Percentage of fat mass (men: r=0.58, p=0.010; women: r=0.62, p= 0.024) and lean body mass (men: r=–0.61, p=0.006; women: r=–0.61, p=0.026) were also associated with performance in both sexes. Subsequent multiple regression analyses revealed that peak speed and maximal fat oxidation together were able to predict 66% of male performance; while peak oxygen uptake was the only statistically significant variable explaining 69% of the variation in women’s race time. These results, although exploratory in nature, suggest that ultra trail performance is differently predicted by endurance variables in men and women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Ultra Trail Performance Is Differently Predicted By Endurancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra Trail Performance is Differently Predicted by Endurance Variables in Men and Women

et al. 2020

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“…As in shorter endurance events, the fraction of V O 2max sustained over extended periods of time is another determining factor [55,56,59,60]. Lactate thresholds, as a measure of fractional utilisation of V O 2max , are also important determinants in performance in off-road running (e. g. trail running) [18,61]. Running economy is another valid physiological parameter used to explain off-road running performance outcomes, especially in ultramarathon running [55,60], along with body composition [62].…”

Section: Review Thiemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a variety of qualitative terms have been used in the literature to classify and define off-road running athletes. These classifications encompass terms such as physically active, recreational, endurance-trained, amateur, well-trained, and highly trained [17][18][19][20]. However, a misclassification from these qualitative categorisations is a problem from a scientific perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Off-road Running: A Position Statement from the Ultra Sports Science Foundation

Basset²,

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Off-road running continues to grow in popularity, with differing event categories existing, and terminologies are often used interchangeably and without precision. Trail running, mountain running, skyrunning, fell running, orienteering, obstacle course racing and cross-country running all take place predominantly in off-road terrain. Ultramarathon running refers to any running event over marathon distance conducted in any terrain and surface. Although some overlap may exist between these running events, mainly through the common denominator of off-road terrain, distinct features need to be recognised. As scientific interest in these activities grows, it becomes important to clarify these terms and develop a universal language for discussing these events. Similarly, off-road running athletes are generally not properly defined within the scientific literature, which makes intra- and inter-study comparisons difficult. The current position statement of the Ultra Sports Science Foundation highlights the different off-road running events and recommends clear reference to distance, surface, elevation change and altitude, type of event (continuous vs. staged), type of support, name and year of the event, governing body, and guidance on terminology. We further recommend to describe off-road running athletes by basic data, physiological determinants, training and competition characteristics in the scientific literature in order to facilitate and guide further research and practice.

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Physiological factors determining downhill vs uphill running endurance performance

Lemire

Hureau²,

Favret³

et al. 2021

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Objectives: Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Ten male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses. Results: Running velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4 ± 1.0 vs 12.0 ± 0.5 km•h −1 , p < 0.05) with similar average heart rate (95 ± 2% vs 94 ± 2% maximal heart rate; p > 0.05) despite lower averageVO 2 (85 ± 8% vs 89 ± 7%VO 2max ; p < 0.05). Velocity atVO 2max (vVO 2max ) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r 2 = 0.94) whereas vVO 2max , leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r 2 = 0.84). Conclusions: Five-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vVO 2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR).

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Predicting Trail-Running Performance With Laboratory Exercise Tests and Field-Based Results

Abstract: The graded exercise test (VOmax, IAT and RE) most accurately predicted a 31.1km trail running performance. Combining submaximal intensities (IAT and RE) with the previous years race time of that specific event increased the predictive power of the model to 99%.

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Ultra Trail Performance is Differently Predicted by Endurance Variables in Men and Women

Ultra Trail Performance is Differently Predicted by Endurance Variables in Men and Women

Defining Off-road Running: A Position Statement from the Ultra Sports Science Foundation

Physiological factors determining downhill vs uphill running endurance performance

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