Prediction model of higher heating value of torrefied biomass based on the kinetics of biomass decomposition

Correlations to Predict Elemental Compositions and Heating Value of Torrefied Biomass

“…The latter correlation is alike that of Friedl et al [13]. A model for predicting the HHV of torrefied biomass using the kinetics of decomposition with an average absolute error of 7.03% is also reported by Soponpongpipat et al [19].…”

“…[48,49]. It is evident from Figure 4a that Equations (18) and (19) satisfactorily predict the C content. A maximum error of 7.23% is found for miscanthus when C is predicted by Equation (18).…”

“…The first model developed in this study for carbon content, Equation 18, gives an ABE of −2.4% and RMSE of 2.12 whereas the second correlation, Equation (19), yields an ABE of 4% and RMSE of 3.3. The correlations of Parikh et al [10] and Shen et al [11] give higher negative values of −12.1% and −11.7% for ABE with RMSE of 7.39 and 7.23, respectively, as their models are originally developed for raw biomass.…”

“…For HHV, this study shows an ABE of −3.1% and RMSE of 1.02 when Equation (18) is used to determine the carbon content. These figures slightly change to 2.93% and 1.24 if the carbon content is calculated using Equation (19). Yin et al [12] developed two correlations for HHV of raw biomass.…”

“…(y * i − y i )/y i , b carbon content calculated using Equation 18, c carbon content calculated using Equation (19).…”