Prediction of Clinical Coronary Heart Disease by a Test for the Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern

Jenkins, C. David; Rosenman, Ray H.; Zyzanski, Stephen J.

doi:10.1056/nejm197406062902301

Cited by 416 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…(Jenkins, Rosenman et al 1974;Rosenman, Brand et al 1976). However, subsequent studies found did not confirm the relevance of the TABP as a predictor of CHD Schulman and Stromberg 2007).…”

Section: Proposed Mechanisms: Chronic Versus Acute Riskmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Torquato¹,

Souza²,

Iosifescu³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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The mix of concepts: Hostility, anger, aggression and other negative affectOver the past decades, a large number of studies have investigated the association between negative affect and coronary heart disease (CHD). Many were cross-sectional case-control studies, which have been criticized for the recall bias of the CHD diagnosis and for the memory distortion (Chida and Steptoe 2009). More recently, several prospective longitudinal studies with more rigorous methodology have also been developed. Notwithstanding, results from this studies are not homogeneous, with both positive and negative results. Although more rigorous in their methodology, the prospective studies use www.intechopen.com Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors 416 diverse and partially overlapping concepts to define negative affect associated with CHD (Table 1). Since each study analyzes only a single psychological construct at a time and since these concepts are only partially overlapping, it is not surprising to note the conflicting results in the literature. In addition, the single-factor approach ignores the clustering of psychosocial risk factors for physical disease, which may act synergistically (Suls and Bunde 2005). Another view, from a twin-designed study, is that some of this negative affect concepts may have a single common genetic factor and a nonshared environmental factor, i.e., enviroments uncorrelated between twins, such as accidents. (Raynor, Pogue-Geile et al. 2002). Type Some authors have proposed that anger, hostility and aggression should be considered a syndrome and other include anger and hostility in the concept of aggression. For others, hostility is characterized by interrelated elements of cynical beliefs and attributions, angry emotional states, and aggressive or antagonistic behaviors. Martin et al. advocate for the standardization of these concepts emphasizing that anger corresponds to affect, aggression to behavior, and hostility (or cynicism) to cognition. Together the three constructs form a three-factor "ABC" model of trait anger (Martin, Watson et al. 2000).Aside from hostility, anger and aggression, VE and distressed personality are more complex concepts. Although they overlap partially, these constructs include specific patterns and aspects not captured by general scales for hostility, anger and aggression. Last but not least, the concept of negative affectivity posits that these symptoms represent markers of a trait www.intechopen.com Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease 417 characterized by hypersensitivity to negative stimuli (Watson and Clark 1984) and the concept of negative emotions postulate the existence of a continuum across these affective states. Depression: The mix beyond the negative affectsBeyond negative affect, depression and, secondarily, anxiety have the strongest evidence for associations with CHD, even after controlling for traditional CHD risk factors, such as serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking. Intriguingly, as it ...

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“…(Jenkins, Rosenman et al 1974;Rosenman, Brand et al 1976). However, subsequent studies found did not confirm the relevance of the TABP as a predictor of CHD Schulman and Stromberg 2007).…”

Section: Proposed Mechanisms: Chronic Versus Acute Riskmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Torquato¹,

Souza²,

Iosifescu³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Consistent with epidemiological principles, the description of Type A behavior has been further refined through the use of cohort studies (Jenkins et al, 1974) and then intervention trials (Thoresen et al, 1981). Although some investigators have noted cultural variations in both coronary artery disease and Type A behavior (Cohen et al, 1979), studies in general have focused on individual characteristics.…”

Section: The Ecological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A behavior: An ecological approach

et al. 1983

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“…Both retrospective and prospective studies (e.g., Jenkins, 1976;Jenkins, Rosenman, & Zyzanski, 1974;Rosenman et al, 1975) have linked Type A behavior with approximately twice the risk of coronary heart disease in both men and women, and degree of atherosclerosis in men (Blumenthal, Williams, Kong, Schanberg, & Thompson, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level of aspiration and the Type A coronary-prone pattern in children

Kliewer¹

2000

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Type A coronary-prone behavior has been recognized as a major risk factor for coronary heart disease.Characterized by extremes of achievement-striving, impatienceaggression, and easily aroused hostility, this behavior pattern has been studied extensively in adults, but relatively few studies have examined the behavior pattern in children.The purpose of the present investigation was to examine aspects of assessment of the Type A behavior pattern, goal-setting behaviors displayed by Type A and B children, and parents' goal-setting behaviors toward their offspring.Type A behavior in children is most frequently assessed by two instruments, the Matthews Youth Test for Health (MYTH) and the Hunter-Wolf A-B Rating Scale.Because research on Type A behavior in children is relatively new, few comparisons between measures have been made.Both instruments were administered in the present study in order to determine the relationship between them.Results indicated that the instruments correlated only marginally.Second, goal-setting behavior was assessed in 30 male and 34 female Type A and B 9-to 12-year-olds.

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Prediction of Clinical Coronary Heart Disease by a Test for the Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern

Cited by 416 publications

References 8 publications

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Type A behavior: An ecological approach

Level of aspiration and the Type A coronary-prone pattern in children

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