Prediction of Common-Mode Radiated Emission of PCB with an Attached Cable Using Imbalance Difference Model

Zhang, Nan; Kim, Jonghyeon; Ryu, Soojung; Nah, Wansoo

doi:10.1587/transcom.e98.b.638

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The imbalance difference model explains how the DM signals can induce CM signals on the nearby metallic structures [6]. Although imbalance difference model has been demonstrated successfully in identifying and quantifying CM voltage sources at the junctions where the imbalance change occurs [7], it is never adopted before for estimating CM RE from PCB traces but asymmetrical dipole model has been adopted for estimating CM RE in several studies before [8][9][10][11]. Such studies have investigated the CM RE not from PCB traces but from the cables attached to a conductive enclosure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of radiated emissions from high‐speed printed circuit board traces using dipole antenna and imbalance difference model

Jenu

Sayegh

2016

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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Ahmed Mohammed Sayegh aResearch Center for Applied Electromagnetics, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Abstract: The ever-increasing clock speeds o n printed circuit board (PCB) have enhanced PCB traces t o become efficient radiators o f electromagnetic energy. Conventionally, the radiated emissions (REs) o f electrically short PCB traces are estimated using expressions developed based o n electric/magnetic dipole antenna. In this study, a novel method was proposed t o estimate RE f r o m electrically long PCB traces. In this method, the differential-mode (DM) RE was estimated using the transmission-line theory and dipole antenna model, whereas the common-mode (CM) RE was computed b y a combination o f imbalance difference model and a dipole antenna. Conceptually, the electrically long trace was chunked into multiple electrically short segments and the fields o f each segment were superimposed t o obtain the net radiated fields. Additionally, closed-form expressions were derived t o estimate the D M REs f r o m electrically long PCB traces based o n dipole antenna model. On the other hand, C M RE was predicted b y line integration o f CM current distribution which was approximated using imbalance difference model and asymmetrical dipole antenna model. The effectiveness o f the proposed method was verified using compact single-sided PCB b y comparing the computed results with the measured results taken in a semi-anechoic chamber, and a good agreement with accuracy more than 90% was observed for upper bounds of the REs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of radiated emissions from high‐speed printed circuit board traces using dipole antenna and imbalance difference model

Jenu

Sayegh

2016

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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“…It has source voltage and terminated with load impedance as shown in Figure 3. The trace and its ground plane are modelled as asymmetrical dipole antenna with parasitic CM voltage computed as Equation (12).…”

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“…Therefore, each branch can be analysed independently since the geometrical dimensions and CM voltage/current are different. Since the CM current is computed using the expressions in [12], the CM RE can be estimated using the equivalent asymmetrical dipole antenna.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Maximum Radiated Emissions of Printed Circuit Board Using Analytical Methods

Jenu¹,

Sayegh²,

Sapuan³

2019

IJECE

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The rapid progress of technology has imposed significant challenges on Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) designers. Once of those challenges is to satisfy the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance requirements. For that reason, EMC compliance must be considered earlier at the design stage for time and cost savings. Conventionally, full wave simulation is employed to check whether the designed PCB meets EMC standards or not. However, this method is not a suitable option since it requires intensive computational time and thus increasing the unit cost. This paper describes novel analytical models for estimating the radiated emissions (RE) of PCB. These models can be used to help the circuit designer to modify their circuit based on the maximum allowable RE comparing to the relevant EMC-RE standard limit. Although there are many RE sources on PCB, this paper focuses on the significant source of RE on PCB; namely PCB-traces. The trace geometry, termination impedance, dielectric type, etc. can be specified based on the maximum allowable emissions. The proposed models were verified by comparing the results of the proposed models with both simulation and experimental results. Good agreements were obtained between the analytically computed results and simulation/measurement results with accuracy of ±3dB.

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“…The currents I 1 (z), I 2 (z) on the equivalent asymmetrical dipole branches (board-cable structure) were given in [6,7]. A MATLAB software was then used to simulate this analytical expression.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prediction of common‐mode radiation from cables attached to PCB using imbalance difference and asymmetrical dipole antenna models

Sayegh

Jenu

2016

Electron. lett.

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Cables attached to a PCB can produce a significant amount of unintentional common-mode (CM) radiated emissions (REs). Therefore, it is important to predict these emissions at the design stage before the first prototype is fabricated to ensure time and cost savings. In this Letter, a novel method was proposed to estimate the CM RE from two cables attached to a PCB using the imbalance difference model and asymmetrical dipole antenna model. The proposed method consists of two steps: first, the induced CM voltages on the junctions between the cables and PCB are computed using the imbalance difference model; secondly, the CM REs are then estimated separately for each cable related to half of the ground plane using the asymmetrical dipole antenna model. The overall REs are then computed by the superposition of the RE from the two asymmetrical dipoles. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified by comparing the predicted results to both 3D high-frequency structure simulator simulation results and measurement results taken in a semi-anechoic chamber. A good agreement with the accuracy of more than 95% is observed for the upper bounds of the measured REs.Introduction: Cables attached to a PCB are well-known sources of the unintentional common-mode (CM) radiated emission (RE) [1]. These CM emissions can be evaluated by the measurement of CM current as performed in [2]. However, this method is time consuming since the CM current depends on the frequency and the position of the current probe along the cable.Alternatively, CM RE can be computed using full-wave numerical solvers. However, this method also involves intensive computational resources, especially if the attached cables are long. Therefore, a fast and accurate analytical method is necessary to estimate the CM RE. Watanabe et al.[3] have proposed a model to estimate a CM RE based on current division factor. According to this model, the CM voltage sources are located at the junctions between the cables and the PCB ground plane where the change in the imbalance occurs. Although the derived CM equivalent structures based on the imbalance difference model provide accurate results for CM RE [4], these emissions are estimated by simulating the equivalent structure using a 3D high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) simulation.Analytically, a closed-form expression is developed in [5] to estimate the maximum CM RE from a PCB with one attached cable. However, this expression cannot detect the resonant peak positions for various board and cable geometries. Zhang et al. [6] have proposed an analytical method for estimating the CM RE using the imbalance difference model and asymmetrical dipole antenna. However, this method has been applied to the PCB with only one attached cable. In this Letter, a novel method is proposed to predict the CM RE from two cables attached to two ends of the PCB using the imbalance difference model and asymmetrical dipole antenna model. It can be described in two steps: computing the CM voltages on the junctions between the PCB and...

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Prediction of Common-Mode Radiated Emission of PCB with an Attached Cable Using Imbalance Difference Model

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Prediction of radiated emissions from high‐speed printed circuit board traces using dipole antenna and imbalance difference model

Prediction of radiated emissions from high‐speed printed circuit board traces using dipole antenna and imbalance difference model

Maximum Radiated Emissions of Printed Circuit Board Using Analytical Methods

Prediction of common‐mode radiation from cables attached to PCB using imbalance difference and asymmetrical dipole antenna models

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