“…Orientation refers to the building direction regarding the part in which the slices are built [3,19,38]. Determination of the optimal part orientation is a fundamental problem in layered manufacturing [2,19,38], since the building direction has a significant effect on many key characteristics which determine the final part's cost [15,27], dimensional accuracy [16,[41][42][43]50], surface roughness [6,34,48,49] and even the part's mechanical properties [1,4,11,20,26,28,32,36,44]. Selection of an optimum part's building orientation is a very important factor as it improves dimensional accuracy and surface finish and reduces building time and support structures, optimizing the final cost of the physical part [2,12,19,35,38].…”