Prediction of mass transfer and kinetic behavior during the extraction of high added‐value products from sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus L.) peels

Abstract

In this study, deep eutectic solvent has been used in order to propose an environmentally and green method for conversion of biowaste into high added-value products. A deep eutectic solvent system consisting of citric acid/ethylene glycol mixture (1/4, molar ratio) has been prepared to extract total polyphenols from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) peels. Deep eutectic solvent-based microwave-assisted extraction has been used in order to evaluate mass transfer, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters. According to the high Biot number values (1,487.23, 2,970.83, 3,974.28), an efficient contact between the total polyphenols and the deep eutectic solvent system has been confirmed. It is observed that the total amount of phenolic substances varies between 4.29 and 33.61 mg-GAE/g of fresh material. In this study, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R 2 > 0.90) has been successfully applied for the extraction of TPC during MAE. ∆H > 0, ∆S > 0, and ∆G < 0 denote an endothermic and spontaneous microwave-assisted extraction system for the solid-liquid extraction of TPC from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) peels. Novelty impact statement: Polyphenolic compounds (anthocyanins and antioxidants)were extracted from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) peels. Extraction kinetics of economical and environmental MAE method has been investigated for natural antioxidants. The structure of the DES-based MAE of bioactive substances from sour cherry peels will be able to understand comprehensively according to the thermodynamic parameters.

Green Extraction of Polyphenols via Deep Eutectic Solvents and Assisted Technologies from Agri-Food By-Products

“…Similar trends were observed for the extraction of polyphenols from mango peel [42], sour cherry peels [47], and onion skin [56]. As shown in Figure 5B, increasing microwave power (300, 400, and 500 W) steadily increased the yields of polyphenols from sour cherry peels [47].…”

“…Furthermore, mass transfer and kinetic studies corroboratively elucidate the extraction mechanism of polyphenols using DESs. A mass transfer result confirmed an efficient contact between polyphenols and DESs according to the high Biot number values [47]. Fick's model successfully forecasted the extraction kinetics of tannic acid using an ultrasound-assisted DESs extraction method and revealed that diffusivity was the controlling factor [57].…”

“…Generally, MAE extraction is time-saving and energy-saving. A thermodynamic study indicated that DESs-based MAE was an efficient, endothermic, and spontaneous system for extracting polyphenols from sour cherry pomace [47]. Microwave power is a critical parameter that influences the extraction efficiency of polyphenols.…”

“…Figure 5. Effects of ultrasonic power on anthocyanins yield (A) and microwave power TPC (B) (taken from Refs [31,47]. with permission of Wiley, permissions license ID number: 1400450-1).…”

Development of Spray-Dried Microparticles Loaded by Sour Cherry Pomace Extract: Process Optimization, Characterization, and In Vitro Release Studies

“…From this viewpoint, conversion of waste into fine chemicals is an interesting and valuable issue, considering sustainability of the unavoidable generation of waste. Due to the fact that fruit peels possess various antioxidative active ingredients such as vitamins, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds, there are various studies investigating the recovery of bioactive ingredients from several biowastes such as citrus peels, , pineapple peels, , pomegranate peels, , potato peels, and sour cherry peels. − The main phenolic compounds in the investigated fruit peels have been reported as generally caffeic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, hydrolyzable tannins, and anthocyanins . Sour cherry pomace generated during the juice processing covers almost 15–28% of the raw material.…”