Prediction of mechanical hemolysis in medical devices via a Lagrangian strain‐based multiscale model

Nikfar, Mehdi; Razizadeh, Meghdad; Zhang, Jiafeng; Paul, Ratul; Wu, Zhongjun J.; Liu, Yaling

doi:10.1111/aor.13663

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…7 However, the limited volume of a single donation of fresh human blood requires significantly smaller test loops than the original ASTM standard loop commonly used with animal blood. Since the past few years, studies have started to address this issue, [3][4][5]17,29 mostly using a test loop with a volume of 300 mL. However, paired testing of at least two LVADs and a static reference is mandatory for certification to overcome variabilities in donor blood and handling during testing and to monitor general blood damage over time at each test day, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Miniaturized Test Loop for the Assessment of Human Blood Damage by Continuous-Flow Left-Ventricular Assist Devices

et al. 2021

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Despite improved hemocompatibility of left-ventricular assist devices (LVADs), assessment of blood damage remains mandatory in preclinical testing as standardized by ASTM-F1841. The most relevant test fluid is fresh, non-pooled human blood, but the limited volume of a standard donation requires significantly smaller loops than those commonly used with animal blood. In a recent study with porcine blood, we verified a miniaturized test loop with only 160 mL for the ASTM-conform paired testing of at least two LVADs and a static reference. Here, we validated this mini test loop for standardized assessment of blood damage with one 450-mL single donation of fresh human blood. Blood damage was assessed for HeartMate 3 and BPX-80 in 9 experiments with heparinized human blood for 6 hours. We analyzed plasma free hemoglobin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentration and collagen-binding functionality and calculated indices of hemolysis and vWF-ratios. Overall, we observed less blood damage compared to our previous study; however, the differences in mean indices of hemolysis and in mean normalized vWF-ratio between BPX-80 and HeartMate 3 were consistent for human blood. Thus, our mini test loop proved to be valid for preclinical standardized assessment of blood damage with only 450 mL of fresh human blood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Miniaturized Test Loop for the Assessment of Human Blood Damage by Continuous-Flow Left-Ventricular Assist Devices

et al. 2021

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“…Mechanoporation, pore formation on biological membranes by mechanical stresses, shows significant potential as a loading method in drug delivery systems (1)(2)(3). On the other hand, hemolysis-hemoglobin release from red blood cells (RBCs) in medical devices-usually happens through nanoscale pores that are larger than hemoglobin molecules and transiently opened at high-sheared regions (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Classic experimental works reported a critical shear rate of 42,000 s À1 (6% of areal strain) for the lysis of RBCs under steady shear flow (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coarse-Grained Modeling of Pore Dynamics on the Red Blood Cell Membrane under Large Deformations

Razizadeh

Nikfar

Paul

et al. 2020

Biophysical Journal

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Transient pore formation on the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs) under high mechanical tensions is of great importance in many biomedical applications, such as RBC damage (hemolysis) and mechanoporation-based drug delivery. The dynamic process of pore formation, growth, and resealing is hard to visualize in experiments. We developed a mesoscale coarse-grained model to study the characteristics of transient pores on a patch of the lipid bilayer that is strengthened by an elastic meshwork representing the cytoskeleton. Unsteady molecular dynamics was used to study the pore formation and reseal at high strain rates close to the physiological ranges. The critical strain for pore formation, pore characteristics, and cytoskeleton effects were studied. Results show that the presence of the cytoskeleton increases the critical strain of pore formation and confines the pore growth. Moreover, the pore recovery process under negative strain rates (compression) is analyzed. Simulations show that pores can remain open for a long time during the high-speed tank-treading induced stretching and compression process that a patch of the RBC membrane usually experiences under high shear flow. Furthermore, complex loading conditions can affect the pore characteristics and result in denser pores. Finally, the effects of strain rate on pore formation are analyzed. Higher rate stretching of membrane patch can result in a significant increase in the critical areal strain and density of pores. Such a model reveals the dynamic molecular process of RBC damage in biomedical devices and mechanoporation that, to our knowledge, has not been reported before.

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“…Here L, Ɵ, A, V denote the edge length of a mesh element, angle between two adjacent mesh elements, area of triangular patch and the volume of the cell, respectively. 0 is the equilibrium value for each variable and is determined immediately after the cell's equilibrium state has been produced without any external forces [1,9]. The implementation of the above-mentioned force terms [Eq (1), ( 2), ( 3) and ( 4)] can be explained as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of the Flow Behaviour of Discocyte Red Blood Cell Through a Non-uniform Capillary

Karandeniya¹,

Holmes²,

Sauret³

et al. 2020

Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC)

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Red blood cells (RBCs) are the main component of the blood and comprise about 45% of the total volume of blood. The key role of RBCs is to transfer oxygen from pulmonary capillaries to tissue capillaries, and transfer carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs. While some of these capillaries have uniform cross-sections, some non-uniform capillaries are also present. Often the diameters of these cross sections are smaller than the diameter of the RBCs. Yet because of the high deformability of its viscoelastic membrane, the RBCs are able to flow through these capillaries. The purpose of this analysis is therefore to investigate the flow activity of RBCs during their passage through a non-uniform capillary using the Lattice Boltzmann -Immersed Boundary (LB-IB) method.

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Prediction of mechanical hemolysis in medical devices via a Lagrangian strain‐based multiscale model

Cited by 28 publications

References 63 publications

Validation of a Miniaturized Test Loop for the Assessment of Human Blood Damage by Continuous-Flow Left-Ventricular Assist Devices

Validation of a Miniaturized Test Loop for the Assessment of Human Blood Damage by Continuous-Flow Left-Ventricular Assist Devices

Coarse-Grained Modeling of Pore Dynamics on the Red Blood Cell Membrane under Large Deformations

Numerical Study of the Flow Behaviour of Discocyte Red Blood Cell Through a Non-uniform Capillary

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