Prediction of Optimum O/W Emulsification via Solubilization Measurements

A Simple Method for the Selection of a Suitable Emulsifier Based on Color Difference.

“…Next, for the use of Span 80 (HLBϭ4.3) and Tween 85 (HLBϭ11.0), the HLB number with minimal dE(H) was 9.9. This HLB number was identical to the required HLB of liquid paraffin in the report of Lin et al 6) Moreover, the relationship between the HLB number and the dE(H) value showed the change with HLB number 9.9 was almost at the left-right symmetry center. It is suggested that the result of color difference with the addition of two surfactants had a similar change pattern to the result reported by Lin et al 6) Since the HLB numbers with minimal dE(H), i.e., 9.3 for Span 30/Tween 80 and 9.9 for Span 80/Tween 85, were similar, the relationship of both parameters with the addition of one or two component(s) of Span 20 (HLBϭ8.6) and Tween 81 (HLBϭ10.0) was examined.…”

“…It is reported that the required HLB for liquid paraffin is approximately 10. 6) As shown in Fig. 1, the HLB value obtained was 12.2, which is higher by more than 2 compared with the reported value (HLBϭ10).…”

“…1, the HLB value obtained was 12.2, which is higher by more than 2 compared with the reported value (HLBϭ10). It appears that the HLB number with the minimal dE(H) value resulted in a color difference measurement slightly different from that obtained by the method of Lin et al 6) To understand in detail the relationship between the HLB number of surfactant and the dE(H) value in emulsion, the dE(H) value was measured at different ratios of the two surfactants sorbitan ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester (Fig. 2).…”

“…5) Lin et al reported the relationship between the HLB number of the surfactant and the solubilization quantity of water or emulsification particle size as follows. 6) When polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (HLBϭ10) or mixture (HLBϭ10) of Span 80 and Tween 80 was used as an emulsifying agent, the emulsification particle size was small (approximately 2 mm) and the solubilization quantity of water in the emulsion was at the maximum. In those original reports, it was assumed that small emulsification particle size contribute to superior emulsification conditions, and that more particles change to superior white emulsion.…”

Microstructured Devices for Preparing Controlled Multiple Emulsions

“…In this technique, however, it is difficult to prepare monodisperse multiple emulsions due to the lack of control over the droplet size and droplet size distribution in both the emulsification steps. The phase inversion techniques [28][29][30][31][32] and other conventional techniques [33,34] also have similar drawbacks.…”