Prediction of paired-associate learning from a complex indicator of associative strength

Learning and Retention of Associations Between Auditory Icons and Denotative Referents: Implications for the Design of Auditory Warnings

“…Contrary to expectations, however, no evidence was found of pairings being more readily learned for direct associations than for related associations. These results are also in agreement with predictions made by other authors (e.g., Gaver, 1986;Leung et al, 1997) and the findings of previous studies of paired-associate learning (e.g., Brotsky & Linton, 1969a, 1969bGallagher & Reid, 1970;Linton et al, 1970).…”

“…In keeping with the trend noted by Leung et al (1997) and earlier studies of paired-associate learning (e.g., Brotsky & Linton, 1969a, 1969bGallagher & Reid, 1970;Linton, Jewett, & Brotsky, 1970), we expected that pairings between auditory icons and denotative referents would be learned and retained most readily for direct associations, less readily for related associations, and least readily for unrelated associations. Our primary aim, however, was to quantify the way in Figure 1.…”

Semantic generalization: Replication of Cramer's associative gradient.

“…Although semantic generalization and pairedassociate learning (PAL) should vary with normative FAS, the data have not conformed to prediction for either task. Linton, Jewett, and Brotsky (1970) were able to predict PAL from FAS when they used a complex indicator, FAS and normative rank. Cramer (1970) recognized the complexity of the problem, for although the FAS of the words in her stimulus pool was cited, additional criteria were cited, the most salient of which was probably normative rank.…”