Prediction of the Optimal Mechanical Properties for a Scaffold Used in Osteochondral Defect Repair

Kelly, Daniel J.; Prendergast, Patrick J.

doi:10.1089/ten.2006.12.2509

Cited by 137 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The present results are also intriguing in the context of recent experimental [47,56] and numerical [57][58][59] reports, where it was shown that matching the mechanical environment of a specific tissue would result in proper cell differentiation and tissue formation. However, it has still to be analyzed whether the pore network architecture plays a major role on in vitro tissue formation.…”

Section: Maximal Fibril Strainsupporting

confidence: 58%

Finite Element Analysis of Meniscal Anatomical 3D Scaffolds: Implications for Tissue Engineering

Moroni¹,

Lambers²,

Wilson³

et al. 2007

TOBEJ

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Solid Free-Form Fabrication (SFF) technologies allow the fabrication of anatomical 3D scaffolds from computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patients' dataset. These structures can be designed and fabricated with a variable, interconnected and accessible porous network, resulting in modulable mechanical properties, permeability, and architecture that can be tailored to mimic a specific tissue to replace or regenerate. In this study, we evaluated whether anatomical meniscal 3D scaffolds with matching mechanical properties and architecture are beneficial for meniscus replacement as compared to meniscectomy. After acquiring CT and MRI of porcine menisci, 3D fiber-deposited (3DF) scaffolds were fabricated with different architectures by varying the deposition pattern of the fibers comprising the final structure. The mechanical behaviour of 3DF scaffolds with different architectures and of porcine menisci was measured by static and dynamic mechanical analysis and the effect of these tissue engineering templates on articular cartilage was assessed by finite element analysis (FEA) and compared to healthy conditions or to meniscectomy. Results show that 3DF anatomical menisci scaffolds can be fabricated with pore different architectures and with mechanical properties matching those of natural menisci. FEA predicted a beneficial effect of meniscus replacement with 3D scaffolds in different mechanical loading conditions as compared to meniscectomy. No influence of the internal scaffold architecture was found on articular cartilage damage. Although FEA predictions should be further confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments, this study highlights meniscus replacement by SFF anatomical scaffolds as a potential alternative to meniscectomy.

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Section: Maximal Fibril Strainsupporting

confidence: 58%

Finite Element Analysis of Meniscal Anatomical 3D Scaffolds: Implications for Tissue Engineering

Moroni¹,

Lambers²,

Wilson³

et al. 2007

TOBEJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Using this mechano-regulation model (Prendergast et al, 1997), it has been possible to predict the spatial and temporal patterns of tissue differentiation during a number of regenerative events such as fracture healing Nagel and Kelly 2009), osteochondral defect repair (Kelly and Prendergast 2005;Kelly and Prendergast 2006) and distraction osteogenesis (Boccaccio et al, 2007;Boccaccio et al, 2008). However even with the use of complex computational models, it is difficult to determine how specific mechanical signals influence MSC differentiation in vivo within the milieu of other regulatory factors that are present.…”

Section: Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mechanical signals in regulating chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells

Kelly

Jacobs

2010

Birth Defects Research Pt C

Self Cite

216

152

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It is becoming increasingly clear that Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) differentiation is regulated by mechanical signals. Mechanical forces generated intrinsically within the cell in response to its extracellular environment, and extrinsic mechanical signals imposed upon the cell by the extracellular environment, play a central role in determining MSC fate. This paper reviews chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during skeletogenesis, and then considers the role of mechanics in regulating limb development and regenerative events such as fracture repair. However, observing skeletal changes under altered loading conditions can only partially explain the role of mechanics in controlling MSC differentiation. Increasingly, understanding how epigenetic factors such as the mechanical environment regulate stem cell fate is undertaken using tightly controlled in vitro models. Factors such as bio-engineered surfaces, substrates and bioreactor systems are used to control the mechanical forces imposed upon, and generated within, MSCs. From these studies, a clearer picture of how osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of MSCs is regulated by mechanical signals is beginning to emerge. Understanding the response of MSCs to such regulatory factors is a key step towards understanding their role in disease and regeneration.3

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“…Nonetheless, using computational analysis, it was found that the optimal elastic modulus for a construct for osteochondral repair lies between 1 and 50MPa; above or below these values cartilage formation decreased, while fibrous tissue and bone formation increased. 18 Moreover, it was also revealed that the optimal compressive modulus for functional tissue support was in the region 1-12MPa. 12 24 These studies present an alternative approach to that of scaffolds seeded with cells to promote hyaline cartilage repair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that by striking a balance between pore architecture, mechanical properties and degradation rate of the scaffold, enhanced repair could be achieved. Specifically, the main objectives of this study were (1) to fabricate 3D porous constructs with an open tunnel network and mechanical properties similar to those proposed by previous studies 18 and to fabricate 3D constructs with the physical architecture and compressive properties of native tissue (2) to examine inflammation and early chondrogenic response in an defect in a rabbit model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Early In Vivo Response of a Functionally Graded Macroporous Scaffold in an Osteochondral Defect in a Rabbit Model

et al. 2015

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Abstract:Cartilage tissue engineering is a multifactorial problem requiring a wide range of material property requirements from provision of biological cues to facilitation of mechanical support in load-bearing diarthrodial joints. The study aim was to design, fabricate and characterize a template to promote endogenous cell recruitment for enhanced cartilage repair. A polylactic acid poly-ε-caprolactone (PLCL) support structure was fabricated using laser micromachining technology and thermal crimping to create a functionally-graded open pore network scaffold with a compressive modulus of 10MPa and a compressive stress at 50% strain of 8.5MPa. In parallel, rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were isolated and their growth characteristics, morphology and multipotency confirmed. Sterilization had no effect on construct chemical structure and cellular compatibility was confirmed. After four weeks implantation in an osteochondral defect in a rabbit model to assess biocompatibility, Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporationthere was no evidence of inflammation or giant cells. Moreover, acellular constructs performed better than cell-seeded constructs with endogenous progenitor cells homing through microtunnels, differentiating to form neo-cartilage and strengthening integration with native tissue. These results suggest, albeit at an early stage of repair, that by modulating the architecture of a macroporous scaffold, pre-seeding with MSCs is not necessary for hyaline cartilage repair.Author Comments:Additional Information: Question ResponsePlease state the number of words in your manuscript including references. 5654 Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation 1Overall Review "This is an important study that demonstrates that an inherent advantage of the osteochondral approach when a macroporous biomaterial is used is that pre-seeding of cells is not necessary. This may be a valuable addition to the literature, and the authors are encouraged to modify the title and abstract to reflect this point of impact/significance in the field." Comment: The authors thank the reviewers for the positive feedback and have modified the title and the abstract to reflect their comments. Actions: Title:The new title of the manuscript is "Evaluation of the Early In vivo Response of a Functionally Graded Macroporous Scaffold in an Osteochondral Defect in a Rabbit Model" Abstract "Cartilage tissue engineering is a multifactorial problem requiring a wide range of material property requirements from provision of biological cues to facilitation of mechanical support in load-bearing diarthrodial joints. The study aim was to design, fabricate and characterize a template to promote endogenous cell recruitment for enhanced cartilage repair. A polylactic acid poly-ε-caprolactone (PLCL) support structure was fabricated using laser micromachining technology and thermal crimping to create a functionallygraded open pore network scaffold with a compressive modulus of 10MP...

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Prediction of the Optimal Mechanical Properties for a Scaffold Used in Osteochondral Defect Repair

Cited by 137 publications

References 33 publications

Finite Element Analysis of Meniscal Anatomical 3D Scaffolds: Implications for Tissue Engineering

Finite Element Analysis of Meniscal Anatomical 3D Scaffolds: Implications for Tissue Engineering

The role of mechanical signals in regulating chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells

Evaluation of the Early In Vivo Response of a Functionally Graded Macroporous Scaffold in an Osteochondral Defect in a Rabbit Model

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