Prediction of total phenols, condensed tannins, and 3-deoxyanthocyanidins in sorghum grain using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy

Dykes, Linda; Hoffmann, Leo; Portillo-Rodriguez, Ostilio; Rooney, William L.; Rooney, L. W.

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2014.02.002

Cited by 65 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The existence of 10-fold variations in the samples of sorghum varieties studied here strongly suggests that the differences in the antioxidant activities can be genetically determined. It confirms the results of previous studies, evidencing the existence of genetic control mechanisms of antioxidant properties in sorghum (Dykes et al, 2014). Considering the biological effects of sorghum, the values obtained in the Ty1antiROS assay show antioxidant activities that are significantly lower compared to those of the referent antioxidant vitamin C (Fig 1, Controls).…”

Section: In Vivo Antioxidant Activity Of Sorghum Hybridssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Results reported in Table 2 clearly show that all samples had similar levels of TPC, with the hybrid Hy F-X715 Ch being slightly higher than the others (44.82 mg GAE/100 g). The results of this study confirm the characteristic of sorghum as a rich source of phenolic compounds (Dykes et al, 2014;Dykes and Rooney, 2006).…”

Section: Tpc and Radical Scavenging Activitysupporting

confidence: 83%

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Measurement of biological antioxidant activity of seven food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in a Mediterranean environmen

Pontieri

Giudice²,

Dimitrov³

2016

Aust J Crop Sci

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Sorghum is source of antioxidant compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids and condensed tannins. In this study, we measured the antioxidant capacity of seven white food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in Southern Italy using the Ty1antiROS cell-based test and the chemical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Samples were also analyzed for phenolic contents. Ty1antiROS test showed that all hybrids possessed antioxidant activity and were effective in scavenging the ABTS •+ target species but they exerted a weak DPPH • antiradical effect. Furthermore, all samples had similar values for total phenolic content. Statistical analyses showed a positive correlation between the ABTS and DPPH data (R = 0.61) and a weakly positive correlation between the ABTS and Ty1antiROS data (R= 0.38). The utilization of both biological and chemical tests for the antioxidant capacity evaluation make us able to select varieties of sorghum with high antioxidant potential useful to promote human health.

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Section: In Vivo Antioxidant Activity Of Sorghum Hybridssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Tpc and Radical Scavenging Activitysupporting

confidence: 83%

Measurement of biological antioxidant activity of seven food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in a Mediterranean environmen

Pontieri

Giudice²,

Dimitrov³

2016

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…Scans covered wavelengths between 400 and 2500 nm and the resulting spectra were analyzed using ISIscan version 3.10.05933 software (Infrasoft International LLC, State College, PA). Near‐infrared predictions for ash (%), lipids (%), starch (%), fiber (%), total phenols (mg gallic acid equivalent g –1 ), tannins (mg catechin equivalents g –1 ) and 3‐DOA (absorbance mL –1 g –1 ) were based on NIR calibration curves developed by the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Sorghum Breeding Lab as described by Dykes et al (2014). Additionally, 100‐seed weights (100 WT) were measured with two replications per sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunlight Induces Black Color and Increases Flavonoid Levels in the Grain of Sorghum Line Tx3362

Pfeiffer

Rooney

2015

Crop Science

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The grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] line ‘Tx3362’ has a uniformly black pericarp color when produced under summer production conditions and it also contains high levels of 3‐deoxyanthocyanidins (3‐DOAs) in the bran layers of the grain. Consequently, Tx3362 has high levels of antioxidant activity and is a source of natural pigmentation that can be used as natural food coloring. However, prior research indicates that the black color is not fully penetrant in all environments. Specifically, black sorghum panicles shaded from sunlight between flowering and physiological maturity are dark red in color. The objective of this study was to determine if the time of light exposure affects pericarp color, 3‐DOA production, and other grain composition traits. Three experiments were conducted that shaded developing Tx3362 black sorghum panicles for varying time intervals in two Texas environments. After harvest, samples were visually phenotyped, quantitatively measured for color via colorimeter, and analyzed using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to estimate grain composition values. Across both environments, increased shading reduced and, in some cases, eliminated the black color, resulting in red grain. In addition, increased shading reduced the concentration of 3‐DOA, total phenols, tannins, and fiber but increased fat concentrations. Because of the strong association between visual score and 3‐DOA concentration, field selection for the darkest pericarp should result in selection for the highest 3‐DOA content. Additionally, maximum production of these beneficial compounds is environment‐specific. Therefore, environments with high sunlight intensity are conducive to the production of darker grain and higher 3‐DOA, tannin, and phenol content.

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“…Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy has potential for measuring not only CT concentrations but also PC/PD and cis-/transflavan-3-ol ratios ( Fig. 3) (Petersen et al, 1991;Larkin et al, 1997;Dykes et al, 2014;Grabber et al, 2014;Klongsiriwet, 2016;Mueller-Harvey et al, unpublished data, 2010). Sample analysis by NIRS is rapid but requires robust calibrations that are based on laboratory analyses.…”

Section: Progress In Tannin Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Condensed Tannins in Forage Legumes Fed to Ruminants: Importance of Structure, Concentration, and Diet Composition

et al. 2019

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Condensed tannins (CTs) account for up to 20% of the dry matter in forage legumes used as ruminant feeds. Beneficial animal responses to CTs have included improved growth, milk and wool production, fertility, and reduced methane emissions and ammonia volatilization from dung or urine. Most important is the ability of such forages to combat the effects of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes. Inconsistent animal responses to CTs were initially attributed to concentration in the diet, but recent research has highlighted the importance of their molecular structures, as well as concentration, and also the composition of the diet containing the CTs. The importance of CT structural traits cannot be underestimated. Interdisciplinary research is the key to unraveling the relationships between CT traits and bioactivities and will enable future on‐farm exploitation of these natural plant compounds. Research is also needed to provide plant breeders with guidelines and screening tools to optimize CT traits, in both the forage and the whole diet. In addition, improvements are needed in the competitiveness and agronomic traits of CT‐containing legumes and our understanding of options for their inclusion in ruminant diets. Farmers need varieties that are competitive in mixed swards and have predictable bioactivities. This review covers recent results from multidisciplinary research on sainfoin (Onobrychis Mill. spp.) and provides an overview of current developments with several other tanniniferous forages. Tannin chemistry is now being linked with agronomy, plant breeding, animal nutrition, and parasitology. The past decade has yielded considerable progress but also generated more questions—an enviable consequence of new knowledge!

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Prediction of total phenols, condensed tannins, and 3-deoxyanthocyanidins in sorghum grain using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy

Cited by 65 publications

References 33 publications

Measurement of biological antioxidant activity of seven food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in a Mediterranean environmen

Measurement of biological antioxidant activity of seven food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in a Mediterranean environmen

Sunlight Induces Black Color and Increases Flavonoid Levels in the Grain of Sorghum Line Tx3362

Benefits of Condensed Tannins in Forage Legumes Fed to Ruminants: Importance of Structure, Concentration, and Diet Composition

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