Predictive adaptive responses in perspective

Gluckman, Peter D.; Hanson, Mark A.; Beedle, Alan S.; Spencer, Hamish G.

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2008.02.002

Cited by 88 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the case of in utero stress caused by maternal undernutrition, the developing fetus senses the adverse environment and reprograms the genome, which favors immediate survival but results in predisposition to hypertension and obesity in adult life. When there is deprivation followed by plenty, catch-up growth occurs which predisposes the fetus to hypertension and obesity [55]. Fetal programming by maternal malnutrition results in LBW and reduction in nephron number, increasing the risk for hypertension and renal diseases [56].…”

Section: Low Birth Weight and Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Epidemic of Hypertension in Asian Children and Adolescents

Lee

2014

Curr Hypertens Rep

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Hypertension has become a serious global public health burden because of its high incidence and concomitant risk of cardiovascular disease. Many studies have verified that risk factors, such as hypertension and obesity which are responsible for cardiovascular disease, start in early childhood. In Asian countries, the prevalence of hypertension in the pediatric age group has become more prevalent than ever before with the increasing obesity epidemic. To tackle the epidemic of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death and disability of non-communicable diseases in Asian countries, population-based measures aiming at reducing harmful environmental factors to blood pressure and body weight must be applied to individuals in their early childhood, as early as the fetal stage. This review focused on the prevalence of pediatric hypertension in Asian countries and outlined several considerations for accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement and evaluation, along with an overview of pathophysiology of fetal programming and obesity related with childhood hypertension.

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Section: Low Birth Weight and Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Epidemic of Hypertension in Asian Children and Adolescents

Lee

2014

Curr Hypertens Rep

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“…It may then permanently determine physiological responses and ultimately produce energy balance dysfunction and diseases later in life. Thus, the perinatal perturbation of foetus/neonate nutrient supply has been proposed to be a key determinant, especially the degree of mismatch between the pre-and post-natal environments (Gluckman et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hypothalamus–adipose axis is a key target of developmental programming by maternal nutritional manipulation

Breton¹

2012

Journal of Endocrinology

114

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Epidemiological studies initially demonstrated that maternal undernutrition leading to low birth weight may predispose for energy balance disorders throughout life. High birth weight due to maternal obesity or diabetes, inappropriate early post-natal nutrition and rapid catch-up growth may also sensitise to increased risk of obesity. As stated by the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease concept, the perinatal perturbation of foetus/neonate nutrient supply might be a crucial determinant of individual programming of body weight set point. The hypothalamus-adipose axis plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of energy homoeostasis controlling the nutritional status and energy storage level. The perinatal period largely corresponds to the period of brain maturation, neuronal differentiation and active adipogenesis in rodents. Numerous dams and/or foetus/neonate dietary manipulation models were developed to investigate the mechanisms underlying perinatal programming in rodents. These models showed several common offspring hypothalamic consequences such as impaired neurogenesis, neuronal functionality, nuclei structural organisation and feeding circuitry hardwiring. These alterations led to a persistent reprogrammed appetite system that favoured the orexigenic pathways, leptin/insulin resistance and hyperphagia. Impaired hypothalamic sympathetic outflow to adipose tissue and/or reduced innervation may also account for modified fat cell metabolism. Thus, enhanced adipogenesis and/or lipogenesis capacities may predispose the offspring to fat accumulation. Abnormal hypothalamus-adipose axis circadian rhythms were also evidenced. This review mainly focuses on studies in rodents. It highlights hormonal and epigenetic mechanisms responsible for long-lasting programming of energy balance in the offspring. Dietary supplementation may provide a therapeutic option using a specific regimen for reversing adverse programming outcomes in humans.

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“…Moreover, mismatch between fetal and postnatal environments, through manipulation of postnatal diet could be the basis of disease manifestation according to the predictive adaptive response hypothesis. The predictive adaptive response hypothesis refers to a form of developmental plasticity in which cues received in early life influence the development of a phenotype that is normally adapted to the environmental conditions of later life (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%