Predictive validity of the Jackson–Cubbin scale for pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

Background: The intensive care unit has a much higher pressure ulcers incidence than general wards. Predicting and eliminating the risk of pressure ulcer development is thus of utmost importance in health care, including clinical nursing practice. Aim:The meta-analysis aimed to examine the predictive validity of the Jackson-Cubbin Scale.Methods: This study is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Research articles published in periodicals indexed targeted the critical care patients and offered sufficient data(true-positive, false-positive, true-negative and false-negative results) in the EBSCO, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane databases, as well as those from two journals indexed in a Chinese database (Wangfang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were reviewed. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used; the internal validity of the diagnostic studies was analysed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios were counted by STATA 15.0.Results: Nine diagnostic studies with high methodological quality, involving a total of 7684 patients, were retrieved and assessed. This meta-analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the symmetric summary receiver operating characteristic curve of the Jackson-Cubbin Scale were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-0.88), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.51-0.95) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.81-0.87), respectively. Conclusions:The study suggests that the Jackson-Cubbin Scale has a moderate level of predictive validity. Moreover, Jackson-Cubbin's predictive validity could be increased if it was implemented differently based on the attributes of the research participants.Relevance to Clinical Practice: The Jackson-Cubbin Scale has a moderate level of predictive validity with good sensitivity and specificity for the determination of the risk of PUs in adult ICU patients. Bedside nurses could use the Jackson-Cubbin scale for dailly assesment for ICU patients.

Comparing the Waterlow and Jackson/Cubbin pressure injury risk scales in intensive care units: A multi‐centre study

“…This is consistent with previous reports. 40 Chen et al 40 have reported Jackson/Cubbin scale sensitivity values were 81.85, 95%CI (58%-88%). If only sensitivity is considered, overprediction and overuse of preventive measures can lead to a waste of healthcare resources.…”

Spotlight on simulation and tool assessment and development

“…This issue also includes a set of methodological papers focusing on the development and and/or evaluation of instruments that support critical care practice or research. Chen et al 6 assessed the predictive validity of the Jackson-Cubbin scale for pressure ulcers through a systematic review and meta-analysis, do Nascimento et al 7 Other papers in this issue analyse nurses' knowledge and practices related to oral care 12 and central line-associated bloodstream infections 13 ; the demand on and efficacy of critical care outreach service during the COVID-19 pandemic 14 ; and the development and implementation of a family-centred transition intervention programme led by an intensive care unit liaison nurse. 15 The issue concludes with two paediatric and neonatal care papers: a case study of the postoperative care provided to an infant who underwent pulmonary artery tracheal transposition with slide tracheobronchial keratoplasty 16 and a systematic review with meta-analysis on the effects of the mother's voice on painful procedures among pre-term and full-term infants.…”

“…This issue also includes a set of methodological papers focusing on the development and and/or evaluation of instruments that support critical care practice or research. Chen et al 6 assessed the predictive validity of the Jackson–Cubbin scale for pressure ulcers through a systematic review and meta‐analysis, do Nascimento et al 7 validated care guidelines for critically ill patients on continuous renal replacement therapy, whereas Luo et al 8 examined the performance of the second version of the National Early Warning score (NEWS2) in identifying the risk of serious deterioration among patients newly admitted with COVID‐19. Tume and colleagues 9 evaluated the use of the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist in reporting their complex intervention in the Sedation and Weaning in Children [SANDWICH] trial, 10 whereas Mahran et al 11 developed and validated a tool for the daily nursing assessment of critically ill patients.…”