Predictors and Premorbid Conditions of the Development of Female Genital Cancer, in Particular Endometry Cancer and Breast Cancer

Abstract

Objective: to review a new potential diagnostic criteria for predictors and premorbid conditions of female genital cancer, including endometrial cancer and breast cancer.
 Materials and methods. Bibliographic, information-analytical methods were used in the work. Sources of information were data from the scientific literature on the topic of the study, modern gadleins, a review of randomized controlled trials.
 Results. The results of epidemiological studies suggest that the increased risk of cancer of the female reproductive system is the presence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Potential mechanisms of their association are hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Because insulin is a major regulator of cell metabolism and is a tissue growth factor, hyperinsulinemia increases the risk of cancer. Hyperinsulinemia is associated with increased secretion of androgens by the ovaries and decreased levels of the protein that binds sex hormones, leading to higher concentrations of biologically active estrogens, which are also known to be risk factors for female genital cancer. In recent years, PFAA profiles have been found to be significantly altered in cancer and type 2 diabetes. Because cancer cells require certain amino acids to synthesize DNA, tumor growth factors, build new blood vessels, and duplicate all of their protein content, changes in PFAA profiles can be used as biomarkers of disease and different types of cancer at different stages.
 Conclusions. With the growing incidence of cancer, the issue of early diagnosis and detection of cancer in the pre-clinical stages remains relevant. Protein metabolism in cancer remains unclear and requires further research using a larger sample size. In addition, the biological mechanisms by which amino acids may contribute to the risk and progression of cancer or other premorbid conditions need to be elucidated. Determining the exact mechanism underlying changes in PFAA profiles has great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment.