Predictors of abnormal findings in infertile women undergoing hysterosalpingography in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria

EK, Kiridi; PC, Oriji; IJ, Abasi; Ubom, Akaninyene Eseme; JU, Ugwoegbu

doi:10.33545/gynae.2022.v6.i2a.1159

Cited by 1 publication

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“…HSG assesses the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, and adjacent peritoneal cavity following the injection of contrast material through the cervical canal [1]. Apart from HSG, other investigative modalities used for the evaluation of infertility include transvaginal ultrasound scan, hysteroscopy, sonohysterosalpingography, laparoscopy and dye test and magnetic resonance hysterosalpingogram [2,3]. Infertility is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy despite 12 months of regular, penetrative, unprotected sexual intercourse [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is primary if a couple is unable to achieve pregnancy, and it is secondary if there is inability to achieve pregnancy after a previous pregnancy, irrespective of the outcome of that pregnancy. Some factors have been reported to significantly increase the chances of abnormal findings on HSG [3][4][5][6][7][8]. These factors include older women, poor level of education, nulliparity, secondary infertility, long duration of marriage, long duration of infertility, induced abortion, HIV-infection, postabortion and puerperal sepsis, previous history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), chronic pelvic pain, previous ectopic pregnancy, previous gynaecological and abdominal surgery and early age at sexual debut [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some factors have been reported to significantly increase the chances of abnormal findings on HSG [3][4][5][6][7][8]. These factors include older women, poor level of education, nulliparity, secondary infertility, long duration of marriage, long duration of infertility, induced abortion, HIV-infection, postabortion and puerperal sepsis, previous history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), chronic pelvic pain, previous ectopic pregnancy, previous gynaecological and abdominal surgery and early age at sexual debut [3][4][5][6][7][8]. From the clinical experience of the authors, women with certain Original Research Article abnormal cervical findings noted during HSG were observed to have abnormal HSG results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Abnormal Cervical Findings and Abnormal Results at Hysterosalpingography in Infertile Women

Oriji¹,

Makinde²,

Chibundu³

et al. 2022

JAMPS

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Background: Hysterosalpingography is an investigative modality used in the evaluation of the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, and adjacent peritoneal cavity following the injection of contrast material through the cervical canal. Objective: To determine the relationship between abnormal cervical findings and abnormal results at hysterosalpingography in infertile women. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Radiology Departments of four health institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, between June and December, 2022. Hysterosalpingography was done for 332 infertile women, after obtaining written informed consent. Data were entered into a pre-designed proforma, and analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25.0. Results were presented in frequencies and percentages for categorical variables, and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Results: Cervical finding was normal in only 49.7% (n=165) of the participants undergoing HSG. The abnormal cervical findings include deformed (27.7%), hyperaemic (5.7%), dull (5.7%), hard (5.7%) and short (5.4%) cervix. There was a statistically significant relationship between abnormal cervical findings during HSG and tubal blockade (ꭓ2 = 196.7; p – 0.001), presence of salpingitis (ꭓ2 = 41.1; p – 0.001), peritubal adhesion (ꭓ2 = 19.9; p – 0.001) and intrauterine adhesion (ꭓ2 = 35.62; p – 0.001). Conclusion: Intrauterine adhesion, salpingitis, tubal blockade and peritubal adhesion on HSG are associated with some abnormal cervical findings in about half of infertile women in this study. The same pathological processes responsible for injury to the upper genital tract and tubal infertility may have caused injury to the cervix in the group of women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%