Predictors of adverse pregnancy outcome at Hospitals in South Gondar Zone, North-central Ethiopia: A multicenter facility-based unmatched case-control study

Abstract

Background Adverse pregnancy outcomes are the most significant public health problem which leads to serious short and long-term health consequences to the mother and the newborn baby. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially prematurity and low birth weights are the major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine predictors of adverse pregnancy outcome among mothers who gave birth at Hospitals in South Gondar zone, North-central Ethiopia. Methods Hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted. A total of 441 study participants with 147 cases and 294 controls were included. The study participants were selected by multi-stage sampling technique. A combination of chart review and interview were used. Data entry and analysis were done by using Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 respectively. Descriptive & analytical statistics were computed. In the binary logistic regression, both bivariable and multivariable analysis was computed. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05 and the strength of association were assessed by using the adjusted odds ratio with their 95%confidence interval. Result A total of 147 cases and 294 controls were included. The mean age (±SD) of study participants was 26.8 ± 5.5 years. History of adverse birth outcome (AOR = 6.39, 95%CI = 2.55, 15.99), did not receive dietary counseling during pregnancy (AOR = 5.17, 95%CI = 2.09, 12.84), pregnancy induced hypertension (AOR = 3.74, 95%CI = 1.20, 11.62), history of hyperemesis gravidarum in the recent pregnancy (AOR = 4.01, 95%CI = 1.58, 10.21) and inter-pregnancy interval less than 24 months (AOR = 2.02, 95%CI = 1.04, 3.91) were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. Conclusion This study showed that history of adverse pregnancy outcome, pregnancy induced hypertension, did not receive dietary counseling, history of hyperemesis gravidarum, and inter-pregnancy interval less than 24 months were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. This study implies the need to improve dietary counseling for pregnant mothers during antenatal care visits. Beside to this, counseling on birth spacing should be given to improve inter-pregnancy intervals.

Assessment of the adverse pregnancy outcomes and its associated factors among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia

“…A structured and pre-tested data extraction tool was used to extract the maternal birth records and antenatal care files. The tool was adapted from the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey questionnaire and other peer-reviewed published literature [5,18,19,21]. Five BSc midwives working in the obstetric department, 2 supervisors, and 1 Ph.D. student were involved in the data collection.…”

“…Adverse pregnancy outcome. The presence of at least one maternal or fetal/neonatal complication i.e., APH, hyperemesis gravidarum, PROM, PPH, preeclampsia, eclampsia, obstructed labor, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, low birth weight, stillbirth, macrosomia, malpresentation, meconium aspiration syndrome, prematurity, congenital malformation, puerperal sepsis, preterm delivery, and maternal death [18,19].…”

“…Preterm birth is if the baby is born before 37 completed weeks of gestation but after 28 weeks of gestation. Low birth weight, is when the newborn weight is less than 2500 gm within the first hour of birth, and stillbirth if the infant died in the uterus at or during the intrapartum period at or after 28 weeks of gestation [18,19]. Parity is the number of births after 28 weeks of gestation.…”

“…Advanced maternal age, low educational status, and early sexual debut were significant associates of adverse pregnancy outcomes [18]. In South Gondar, history of the adverse birth outcome did not receive dietary counseling during pregnancy, and inter-pregnancy intervals less than 24 months were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes [19]. Age, occupation, residence, and lack of antenatal care were also predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Southern Ethiopia [11].…”

Macrosomia and its predictors in pregnant women with diabetes in Ethiopia

“…diabetes mellitus), preconception counselling and care and standard medical care for chronic illness [36]. Accordingly, different studies showed that providing timely and focused ANC to all pregnant women [36], prevention and treatment of chronic medical illness [37] and preconception care (glycaemic control and monitoring) [38] can reduce the magnitude of adverse birth outcomes, such as macrosomia significantly.…”