Predictors of antisocial personality

Simonoff, Emily; Elander, James; Holmshaw, Janet; Pickles, Andrew; Murray, Robin M.; Rutter, Michael

doi:10.1192/bjp.184.2.118

Cited by 208 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The previously established associations between criminal behaviour and antisocial personality disorder in adulthood and childhood precursors of both conduct disorder (Robins, 1966(Robins, , 1978Loeber, 1990) and hyperactivity (Farrington et al, 1990;Simonoff et al, 2004) were confirmed by our findings. However, the strength of association between childhood hyperactivity and adult antisocial traits was weaker than that of conduct disorder, suggesting either that hyperactivity could evolve into different conditions in adulthood, for example, substance abuse or other personality disorders, or simply that the risks for persisting antisocial behaviour in adulthood were not as strong as for conduct disorder.…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 80%

Personality disorder, temperament, and childhood adversity: findings from a cohort of prisoners in England and Wales

Roberts

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2008

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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Adverse childhood experiences and childhood temperamental features are known to contribute to the development of personality disorder. The aim of this study was to examine associations between personality disorder, childhood temperament, adverse childhood experiences, and victimisation. The Prisoner Cohort Study was carried out as part of the dangerous and severe personality disorder (DSPD) service development programme commissioned by the Home Office. The study comprised 1396 male offenders interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID II) to diagnose personality disorders in addition to reveal selfreported experiences of childhood victimisation and disadvantage. Independent and joint relationships were examined between reported temperament and adverse childhood experiences and Axis II disorders measured at interview. Prisoners with personality disorder reported\ud adverse childhood experiences and victimisation more frequently than those with no personality disorder. Different childhood experiences were interrelated with specific personality disorder categories. Associations\ud between temperamental features and specific personality disorders were increased by the addition of adverse childhood experiences (joint effects). A difficult temperament and childhood adversity increase the likelihood of personality disorder in prisoners and may be risk factors to target for future early intervention

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Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 80%

Personality disorder, temperament, and childhood adversity: findings from a cohort of prisoners in England and Wales

Roberts

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2008

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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“…The strongest contribution from a single diagnosis was found for Conduct Disorder (CD), which only rarely appeared without other co-morbid diagnoses and problems. Similar findings were obtained in a twin study of childhood hyperactivity and conduct problems as potential predictors of Antisocial Personality Disorder and crime in adulthood [7] and in a Norwegian longitudinal study of former CAP patients [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…It should be noted that two child psychiatric diagnoses characterized by externalizing symptoms share descriptive features with the LCP pattern: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Conduct Disorder (CD) [5]. Externalizing symptoms in childhood appear to belong to a higher order factor [5], are associated with a range of negative clinical outcomes in adulthood and tend to persist over the life course [6] [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminality among Former Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Patients and Matched Controls

Ivert¹,

Zyto²,

Adler³

et al. 2017

OJMP

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Background: Externalizing symptoms in children (aggression, oppositionality, property and status violations), and the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) triad of problems (inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity) display a substantial comorbidity. The "short temper" problem is common to these syndromes, which are predictive of a range of negative life outcomes including substance abuse and criminality in adulthood. There is a gender gap for the syndromes (boys are more affected), for criminality (men are more criminal) and knowledge (we know less about girls' criminal careers). Aims: The main aim was to compare crime rates and crime profiles among former Child and Adolescent Psychiatric (CAP) patients with corresponding data for matched controls, focusing externalizing and internalizing psychiatric symptoms, sex and adverse social factors. Method: Data for 6055 former CAP-Stockholm outpatients were extracted from available treatment registers. For each CAP patient, two matched controls from the general population were randomly selected from the same area of residence, of the same sex and with the same year of birth (N approx. 12,000). Data on criminality for these individuals were obtained from a Swedish police register which also includes crimes committed prior to age 15. Results: Overall, twice as many former CAP patients were registered for crimes at a mean age of 21.4 compared to the controls. The over-representation was larger for crimes of violence. Females were registered for a much lower number of crimes, particularly crimes of violence (gender gap). The gender gap among the CAP patients was smaller than among controls. Compared with controls, CAP patients characterized by externalizing problems at referral had an odds ratio (OR) for crimes of 5 for males and 10 for females. Neglect was the only adverse social factor which was associated with a higher crime rate and affected boys more than girls. Compared to previous Swedish CAP cohorts, the criminality of the current cohort was much higher. Conclusion: In-depth studies of female crime careers characterized by externalising problems are needed. Child psychiatric services must find new and more effective

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“…While some studies do show that positive symptoms are associated with aggressive behaviour even after taking account of CD, the existing evidence indicates that those with CD are not distinguished from other patients with schizophrenia by symptom profiles (Moran & Hodgins 2004). Based on a comparison of the results of a small number of studies, the strength of the association between CD in childhood and violence in adulthood appears to be similar among individuals who develop schizophrenia (Hodgins et al 2005Swanson et al 2006) as it is among those who do not (Siminoff et al 2004;Loeber et al 2005). In addition, the number of CD symptoms prior to age 15 is linearly associated with the development of antisocial personality disorder in adulthood among persons with schizophrenia, as it is in the general population (Robins et al 1991).…”

Section: Early Start Offenders With Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent behaviour among people with schizophrenia: a framework for investigations of causes, and effective treatment, and prevention

Hodgins

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

227

174

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Robust evidence has accumulated showing that individuals who develop schizophrenia are at elevated risk when compared to the general population to engage in violence towards others. This violence impacts negatively on victims as well as perpetrators and poses a significant financial burden to society. It is posited that among violent offenders with schizophrenia there are three distinct types defined by the age of onset of antisocial and violent behaviour. The early starters display a pattern of antisocial behaviour that emerges in childhood or early adolescence, well before illness onset, and that remains stable across the lifespan. The largest group of violent offenders with schizophrenia show no antisocial behaviour prior to the onset of the illness and then repeatedly engage in aggressive behaviour towards others. A small group of individuals who display a chronic course of schizophrenia show no aggressive behaviour for one or two decades after illness onset and then engage in serious violence, often killing, those who care for them. We hypothesize that both the developmental processes and the proximal factors, such as symptoms of psychosis and drug misuse, associated with violent behaviour differ for the three types of offenders with schizophrenia, as do their needs for treatment.

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Predictors of antisocial personality

Cited by 208 publications

References 25 publications

Personality disorder, temperament, and childhood adversity: findings from a cohort of prisoners in England and Wales

Personality disorder, temperament, and childhood adversity: findings from a cohort of prisoners in England and Wales

Criminality among Former Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Patients and Matched Controls

Violent behaviour among people with schizophrenia: a framework for investigations of causes, and effective treatment, and prevention

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