Predictors of cessation in a cohort of current and former smokers followed over 13 years

Abstract

The present study attempted to identify predictors of smoking cessation in a cohort of cigarette smokers followed over 13 years. Data are reported on 6,603 persons who resided in one of 20 U.S. communities involved in the National Cancer Institute's Community Intervention Trial for Smoking Cessation (COMMIT) study, were current smokers in the COMMIT trial in 1988, and completed detailed tobacco use telephone surveys in 1988, 1993, and 2001. A person was classified as a former smoker if at the time of follow-up he or she reported not smoking for at least 6 months prior to the interview. Reasons and methods for quitting also were assessed in 1993 and 2001. Among smokers in 1988, 24% had stopped smoking by 1993 and 42% were not smoking by 2001. The most frequently cited reasons for quitting were health and cost reasons, while assisted methods to quit were more common in more recent years. Measures of nicotine dependence were much more strongly associated with cessation than measures of motivation. Other predictors included male gender, older age, higher income, and less frequent alcohol consumption, although the gender effect no longer existed when cessation from cigarettes as well as other tobacco products was considered as the outcome. The present study shows that nicotine dependence is a major factor predicting long-term cessation in smokers. This finding has implications for tobacco control policy and treatment approaches.

Factors associated with smoking cessation in Brazil

“…Other studies have shown similar results 25,26 . A study on the profile of smokers attending the Program for Tobacco Cessation at the Outpatient Clinic on Smoking at the University Hospital in Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP) found that financial status had a large impact on the choice of therapy for smoking cessation (medication, nicotine replacement therapy, or therapy sessions); the high cost of some therapeutic resources makes their use more difficult and in some cases impossible, especially when the individual's income is jeopardized by the chosen treatment 27 .…”

“…The following independent variables were used to analyze determinants of smoking cessation: per capita household income (in quartiles, with lowest income as the 1 st quartile), schooling in years (grouped in five categories: zero, 1-3, 4-7, 8-10, and ≥ 11 years), age (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), and ≥ 60 years), age at smoking onset (< 18 years and ≥ 18 years), gender, and self-rated health (very good or good versus fair, poor, or very poor).…”

Insights into Smoking and its Cessation among Current Smokers in India

“…The role of increasing knowledge in reducing smoking initiation, facilitating smoking cessation and long term abstinence from smoking is well appreciated (Curry et al, 1997;Hyland et al, 2004;WHO, 2008). Awareness about health hazards associated with smoking is a significant parameter in predicting smoking related behavior.…”

“…However actual quit attempts were higher among respondents with high knowledge, attitude and worksite practices and low barrier scores in the present study. Hyland et al (2004;2006) reported that intentions to quit are significant predictors of quit attempts.…”

Cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenetic testing to tailor smoking-cessation treatment

“…First, although our model for smoking histories is intended to match the best available data, 12,[16][17][18][38][39][40] few studies have examined the long-term behavior of smokers attempting to quit, 38,39,41 the long-term effectiveness of pharmacologic smoking-cessation aids [42][43][44] and the effectiveness of these treatments when applied repeatedly after unsuccessful quit attempts. 45,46 Moreover, our estimated quit rates are taken from published clinical trials, where the efficacy of treatments is typically better than in actual clinical practice.…”