Predictors of Decline in MMSE Scores Among Older Mexican Americans

Nguyen, Ha; Black, Sandra A.; Ray, L.; Espino, David V.; Markides, Kyriakos S.

doi:10.1093/gerona/57.3.m181

Cited by 98 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Considering this constellation of findings, it would appear that the association of diabetes and hyperleptinemia is likely a function of some degree of leptin resistance, but we have no ability to confirm this with our data. It is interesting to note that recent work has linked diabetes to mild cognitive impairment (Arvanitakis et al, 2006;Bent et al, 2000;Gregg et al, 2000;Nguyen et al, 2002;Yaffe et al, 2004;Yaffe et al, 2006). Indeed, after adjustment for the presence of diabetes, the association between high serum leptin level and less cognitive decline becomes more robust, arguing that diabetes functions as a negative confounder in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Serum leptin level and cognition in the elderly: Findings from the Health ABC Study

Holden

Lindquist

Tylavsky

et al. 2009

Neurobiology of Aging

204

142

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Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipocytes. It has been shown to modulate production and clearance of amyloid beta (Aβ) in rodent models. We sought to determine if serum leptin was associated with cognitive decline in the elderly.We studied 2871 well-functioning elders, aged 70-79, who were enrolled in a prospective study. Serum leptin concentrations were measured at baseline and analyzed by mean ± 1 SD. Clinically significantly cognitive decline over 4 years was defined as ≥ 5 point drop on the Modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MS).Compared to those in the lower leptin groups, elders in the high leptin group had less cognitive decline, 20.5% vs. 24.7% (OR=0.79 95% CI 0.61-1.02, p=0.07). After adjustment for demographic and clinical variables, including body mass index and total percent body fat, those in the high leptin group had significantly less likelihood of cognitive decline, OR=0.66 (95% CI 0.48-0.91). We conclude that in elderly individuals, higher serum leptin appears to protect against cognitive decline, independent of comorbidites and body fat. HHS Public Access

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Serum leptin level and cognition in the elderly: Findings from the Health ABC Study

Holden

Lindquist

Tylavsky

et al. 2009

Neurobiology of Aging

204

142

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“…Previous studies regarding gender have proved to be more controversial; only few found a significant association between this variable and cognitive screening tests performance (Mías, Sassi, Masih, Querejeta, & Krawchik, 2007;Ribeiro, Oliveira, Cupertino, Neri, & Yassuda, 2010;Scazufca, Almeida, Vallada, Tasse, & Menezes, 2009). The influence of marital status is more contentious between studies, as some have reported greater performances among married individuals (Fratiglioni, Wang, Ericsson, Maytan, & Winblad, 2000;Nguyen et al, 2002;Ribeiro et al, 2010;Wu, Lan, Chen, Chiu, & Lan, 2011). Information regarding employment status is rather scarce (Freitas, Simões, Alves & Santana, 2012); individuals currently employed and individuals with occupations with high intellectual demands seem to achieve better scores on the MMSE (Anderson et al, 2007;Moraes et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of Sociodemographic and Health Variables on MMSE Normative Data

Freitas

Simões

Alves

et al. 2014

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the most broadly used cognitive screening instrument in clinical and research contexts. The MMSE was administered to a community-based sample of cognitively healthy adults (n=850), stratified according to several sociodemographic variables, with a distribution similar to that observed in the Portuguese population. This study aimed to analyse the influence of sociodemographic (age, gender, educational level, marital and employment status, geographic region, geographic localisation, and residence area) and health variables (subjective memory complaints of the participant and evaluated by the informant, depressive symptoms and family history of dementia) on the subjects' performance on the MMSE and to establish normative data for the Portuguese population. Educational level and age significantly contributed to the prediction of the MMSE scores, explaining 26% of its variance.Regarding health variables, only the subjective memory complaints of the participant showed a small contribution (4%) to the variance of the MMSE scores. According to these results, age and education were considered in the development of the normative data of the MMSE for the Portuguese population.

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“…More specifically, higher education (Hultsch & Dixon, 1984), being married and being employed associated with good cognitive functions (West, Crook, & Barron, 1992); clinical conditions such as pain and hypertension (Piccini, Muniz, Sparks, & Bontempo, 2011) and mid-life obesity (Cournot et al, 2006), and depression especially in older adults (Jorm, 1986) have been associated with poorer cognitive ability in later life (Kivipelto et al, 2001). Some longitudinal studies show faster age-related cognitive decline in those with poor education (Agrigoroaei and Lachman, 2011;Colsher and Wallace, 1991;Hahn and Lachman, 2015;Matthews et al, 2004;Nguyen et al, 2002;Osler et al, 2013;Richards et al, 2004;Schaie, 1994). Also poor self-ratings of health and physical activity predicted greater cognitive deterioration (Carmelli et al, 1997) and number of adaptive psychosocial and behavioral factors have been found to be positively associated with change in reasoning abilities (Agrigoroaei and Lachman, 2011).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Long-Term Change in Adult Cognitive Performance: Systematic Review and Data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

Rannikko

Jääskeläinen

Miettunen

et al. 2016

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Objective: Several social life events and challenges have an impact on cognitive development. Our goal was to analyse the predictors of change in cognitive performance in early midlife in a general population sample. Additionally, systematic literature review was performed. Method:The study sample was drawn from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at the ages of 34 and 43 years. Primary school performance, sociodemographic factors and body mass index (BMI) were used to predict change in cognitive performance measured by the California Verbal Learning Test, Visual Object Learning Test, and Abstraction Inhibition and Working Memory task. Analyses were weighted by gender and education, and p-values were corrected for multiple comparisons using Benjamini- Hochberg procedure (B-H).Results: Male gender predicted decrease in episodic memory. Poor school marks of practical subjects, having no children, and increase in BMI were associated with decrease in episodic memory, though non-significantly after B-H. Better school marks, and higher occupational class were associated with preserved performance in visual object learning. Higher vocational education predicted preserved performance in visual object learning test, though non-significantly after B-H. Likewise, having children predicted decreased performance in executive functioning but non-significantly after B-H.Conclusions: Adolescent cognitive ability, change in BMI and several sociodemographic factors appear to predict cognitive changes in early midlife. The key advantage of present study is the exploration of possible predictors of change in cognitive performance among general population in the early midlife, a developmental period that has been earlier overlooked.

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Predictors of Decline in MMSE Scores Among Older Mexican Americans

Abstract: Although age and education have been reported as the more salient predictors of cognitive deterioration, other sociodemographic and several medical conditions including stroke and diabetes should be considered as part of cognitive aging studies among Mexican American elders.

Cited by 98 publications

References 35 publications

Serum leptin level and cognition in the elderly: Findings from the Health ABC Study

Serum leptin level and cognition in the elderly: Findings from the Health ABC Study

The Relevance of Sociodemographic and Health Variables on MMSE Normative Data

Predictors of Long-Term Change in Adult Cognitive Performance: Systematic Review and Data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

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