Predictors of Depression and Insomnia in Community-Dwelling Elderly People: A Cross-Sectional Evidence of Their Bidirectional Relationship

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine associated factors of depression and insomnia in community-dwelling elderly people in order to identify independent predictors. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 older people aged 60 years and over living in an urban area. A stratified random sampling method was used for recruiting samples from five Open Care Centers for Elderly People of the Municipality of Larissa, Greece. Data were obtained through a questionnaire that included demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The prevalence of depression and insomnia was 28.4% (95% CI: 22.9-33.9) and 39.2% (95% CI: 33.0-45.4), respectively. Our findings showed that the overall GDS-15 score was positively related to the overall AIS score (r = 0.405; p < 0.001). The best-fit regression analysis demonstrated four significant predictors (marital status, monthly income, body weight status, and insomnia) explaining 31.6% of the variance in depression risk. Moreover, community-dwelling elderly Greek people with insomnia symptoms were females, had a lower monthly income, and more likely to suffer from chronic diseases and depression. Conclusion These findings point to the importance of recognizing risk factors for both depression and insomnia in attempting to apply preventive interventions in the elderly and optimize their quality of life.

The Effect of Depressive and Insomnia Symptoms in Quality of Life among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

“…According to our results, 22.5% of the sample experienced moderate depression, 5.5% experienced severe depression, 40.5% experienced insomnia, and 19% experienced comorbid depression and insomnia. These results are in accordance with previous studies conducted in Greece, in which the prevalence of moderate depression was found to be 22%, that of severe depression was 6.4%, and that of insomnia was 39.2% [ 6 ]. In a recent meta-analysis of 42 studies considering 57,486 adults, the average expected prevalence of depression among the elderly was found to be 31.74% [ 23 ].…”

“…According to research, various factors can mediate or moderate the link between depression and insomnia, including socio-demographic characteristics (such age, gender, and social support), and a number of neurobiological factors (such as stress) may mediate/moderate the insomnia–depression link [ 25 , 26 ]. The prevalence of comorbid depression and insomnia was found to be 19%, and this finding is consistent with previous studies that indicated a bidirectional relationship between those two conditions [ 6 , 15 ].…”

“…Depression and insomnia are two of the most frequent disorders among the elderly population [ 6 ]. According to a recent systematic review, the prevalence of depression among older adults was estimated to be 28.4%, while in individual studies, depending the screening tool, the percentage has ranged from 15.6% for the DASS-21 to 31.5% for the GDS-15 [ 7 ].…”

“…In Greece, a large-scale cross-sectional study confirmed the aforementioned age trend in insomnia, as almost 45% of the participants aged >65 years experienced insomnia [ 11 ]. Another study found that the prevalence of insomnia among community-dwelling older adults in Greece was 39.2% [ 6 ].…”

Thực trạng lo âu, trầm cảm của người bệnh ung thư vú tại Khoa Nội 5 bệnh viện K cơ sở Tân Triều Hà Nội

“…Đối với ung thư vú, một số nghiên cứu tổng quan hệ thống trước đây cho thấy tỷ lệ lo âu và trầm cảm ở người bệnh lần lượt là 41,9% và 32,2% (Hashemi và cộng sự, 2020; Pilevarzadeh và cộng sự, 2019) 2, 3 . Một nghiên cứu khác tại Hy Lạp năm 2018 cũng báo cáo một tỷ lệ lớn người bệnh ung thư vú được phân loại là trầm cảm (38,2%) và lo âu (32,2%) 4 . Sự lo âu, sợ hãi có thể làm cho việc đối mặt với điều trị ung thư trở nên khó khăn, cũng làm người bệnh khó đưa ra các quyết định liên quan tới điều trị và chăm sóc 5 .…”