Predictors of depression in multiple sclerosis patients

Vrignaud, Pierre; Garitte, Catherine; Meunier, Cédric

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01232.x

Cited by 107 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Consistent with previous reports, HADS' depression scores among MS patients were significantly higher for women [2,6,28] and were significantly associated with higher disability, as measured by EDSS [17,28,30,31]. The study also documented a significant association with faster progression of MS, as measured by MSSS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Depression and anxiety in a Portuguese MS population: Associations with physical disability and severity of disease

Silva

Vilhena

Lopes³

et al. 2011

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Depression and anxiety in a Portuguese MS population: Associations with physical disability and severity of disease

Silva

Vilhena

Lopes³

et al. 2011

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…A study of 50 MS patients attending an outpatient clinic reported that BDI scores increased with disease severity and physical disability but not with disease duration (15,(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) In this study we found a significant correlation between depression and an objective measure of disability, the EDSS. Separate calculations of the correlation between depression and the 8 functional systems of the EDSS revealed that only bowel and bladder dysfunction and sensitive score were correlated with BDI score.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Twenty-three patients showed no symptoms of depression (BDI score 1-10), 4 patients had mild mood disturbance (BDI score 11-16), 3 had borderline clinical depression (BDI score [17][18][19][20], and 2 had moderate depression (BDI score [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The mean BDI score was 8.71±7.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between depression, cognitive status, functional scores, disability and lesion load in multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta 1a

Maier

Bălaşa

Bajkó

et al. 2015

Acta Medica Marisiensis

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Introduction: Depression and cognitive impairment are the most frequent mental disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS) and represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to analyse the main determinants of depression in multiple sclerosis. Materials and methods: Thirty-two patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), treated with Interferon Beta 1a, without relapses and corticosteroid treatment in the last 30 days, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 35.4±9.2 years, M/F ratio 0.33. Depression level was evaluated by the Romanian version of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the cognitive function with Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test 3 (PASAT 3), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). The functional status and disability level of the patients were evaluated with Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite and Expanded Disability Status Scale. In all patients a cerebral MRI with intravenous contrast administration was performed using a 1.5T MRI device. Results: Twenty-three patients were free of depression (score 1-10), 4 patients presented mild mood disturbance (score 11-16), 3 borderline clinical depression (score 17-20) and 2 moderate depression (score 21-30). The mean BDI score was 8.71±7.16. BDI score correlated significantly with EDSS (R=0.38, p=0.03), PASAT 3 (R=-0.42, p=0.01), SDMT (R=-0.58, p=0.0007), Timed 25-Foot Walk (R=0.43, p=0.01) and 9-Hole Peg Test (R=0.45, p=0.008). From the EDSS functional scores, significant correlations were found with the urinary score (R=0.4, p=0.01) and sensitive score (R=0.49, p=0.004). BDI score correlated significantly with the total number of T2 lesions (R=0.31, p=0.05) while there was no correlation with the number of active lesions. Conclusions: The main determinants of depression in RRMS patients are the cognitive impairment, the affection of fine hand movements (9-HP), gait impairment (T25FT) and bladder and sensitive dysfunction.

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“…Some authors [60,61] were unable to find significant correlations between the EDSS score and depressive scores. Most studies, however, found that MS patients with higher EDSS scores had significantly higher depression scores, while significant positive correlations were found between the EDSS and depression scores [62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. This is important as MS functional disability and especially depression predict physical health and quality of life [69][70][71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Immune-Inflammatory and Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Biomarkers of Depression Symptoms in Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis: Increased Peripheral Inflammation but Less Acute Neuroinflammation

et al. 2015

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There is evidence that activated immune-inflammatory and oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways play a role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and depression. This study examines serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10; peroxides (LOOH); nitric oxide metabolites (NOx); albumin; ferritin; C-reactive protein (CRP); and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-β NcoI polymorphism (rs909253) and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in MS patients with (n = 42) and without (n = 108) depression and normal controls (n = 249). Depression is scored using the depressive subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The extent of neurological disability is measured using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at the same time of the abovementioned measurements and 5 years earlier. Disease progression is assessed as actual EDSS-EDSS 5 years earlier. Three variables discriminate MS patients with depression from those without depression, i.e., increased IL-6 and lower IL-4 and albumin. Binary logistic regression showed that MS with depression (versus no depression) was characterized by more gastrointestinal symptoms and disease progression, higher serum IL-6, and lower albumin levels. In subjects with MS, the HADS score was significantly predicted by three EDSS symptoms, i.e., pyramidal, gastrointestinal, and visual symptoms. Fifty-eight percent of the variance in the HADS score was predicted by gastrointestinal symptoms, visual symptoms, the TNFB1/B2 genotype, and contrast enhancement (both inversely associated). There were no significant associations between depression in MS and type of MS, duration of illness, age, sex, nicotine dependence, and body mass index. MS with depression is associated with signs of peripheral inflammation, more disability, disease progression, gastrointestinal and visual symptoms, but less contrast enhancement as compared to MS without depression. It is concluded that depression is part of the neurological symptoms of MS and that its expression is primed by peripheral inflammation while acute neuroinflammation and the TNFB1/B2 genotype may be protective.

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Predictors of depression in multiple sclerosis patients

Cited by 107 publications

References 66 publications

Depression and anxiety in a Portuguese MS population: Associations with physical disability and severity of disease

Depression and anxiety in a Portuguese MS population: Associations with physical disability and severity of disease

Correlations between depression, cognitive status, functional scores, disability and lesion load in multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta 1a

Immune-Inflammatory and Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Biomarkers of Depression Symptoms in Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis: Increased Peripheral Inflammation but Less Acute Neuroinflammation

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