Predictors of Large and Small Artery Elasticity in Healthy Subjects From 9 to 89 Years Old

Gardner, Andrew W.; Parker, Donald E.

doi:10.1038/ajh.2011.5

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The current observation that large and small arterial elasticity increase with age from 8 to 30 years, particularly in the Caucasians, supports previous reports from our laboratory, 29, 38 and from another laboratory utilizing the same methodology of diastolic pulse contour analysis. 39 We previously found that in subjects completely free of cardiovascular risk factors, large and small arterial elasticity increased with age in children, adolescents, and young adults up to age 30, and declined thereafter, particularly after 50 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Arterial elasticity in American Indian and Caucasian children, adolescents, and young adults

Gardner

Parker

2011

Vasc Med

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We compared arterial elasticity in American Indian and Caucasian children, adolescents, and young adults, and we assessed whether demographic, body composition, and ambulatory activity measures were predictive of arterial elasticity within each group. Fifty-one American Indians and 66 Caucasians between the ages of 8 and 30 years were assessed on large artery elasticity index, small artery elasticity index, body fat percentage, and daily ambulatory activity during seven consecutive days. American Indians had higher percentage of body fat than Caucasians (p = 0.002), whereas daily ambulatory activity measures were similar (p > 0.05). American Indians had 16% lower large artery elasticity index (p = 0.007) and 19% lower small artery elasticity index (p < 0.001) than Caucasians. The regression model for large artery elasticity index included average cadence (p = 0.001), fat free mass (p < 0.001), age component (Caucasian only) (p < 0.001, and sex (p = 0.025). The regression model for small artery elasticity index included fat free mass (p < 0.001), maximum cadence for 30 continuous minutes (p = 0.009), race (p = 0.005), and average cadence (p = 0.049). Between 8 and 30 years of age, elasticity means for the large and small arteries is lower in American Indians than in Caucasians. Smaller difference was observed in children, with a trend to much larger difference in young adults. Furthermore, greater fat free mass and higher daily ambulatory cadence are associated with higher arterial elasticity in both American Indians and Caucasians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Arterial elasticity in American Indian and Caucasian children, adolescents, and young adults

Gardner

Parker

2011

Vasc Med

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“…(5, 16, 17) The purposes of this study are (1) to compare daily ambulatory measures in children, adolescents, and young adults with and without metabolic syndrome, and (2) to assess which metabolic syndrome components, demographic measures, and body composition measures are associated with daily ambulatory measures. We hypothesize that objectively measured daily ambulatory cadences are lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome, particularly in those with higher values of body fat percentage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome and Daily Ambulation in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Gardner

Parker

Krishnan

et al. 2013

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purposes To compare daily ambulatory measures in children, adolescents, and young adults with and without metabolic syndrome, and to assess which metabolic syndrome components, demographic measures, and body composition measures are associated with daily ambulatory measures. Methods Two-hundred fifty subjects between the ages of 10 and 30 years were assessed on metabolic syndrome components, demographic and clinical measures, body fat percentage, and daily ambulatory strides, durations, and cadences during seven consecutive days. Forty-five of the 250 subjects had metabolic syndrome, as defined by the International Diabetes Federation. Results Subjects with metabolic syndrome ambulated at a slower daily average cadence than those without metabolic syndrome (13.6 ± 2.2 strides/min vs. 14.9 ± 3.2 strides/min; p=0.012), and they had slower cadences for continuous durations of 60 minutes (p=0.006), 30 minutes (p=0.005), 20 minutes (p=0.003), 5 minutes (p=0.002), and 1 minute (p=0.001). However, the total amount of time spent ambulating each day was not different (p=0.077). After adjustment for metabolic syndrome status, average cadence is linearly associated with body fat percentage (p<0.001) and fat mass (p<0.01). Group difference in average cadence was no longer significant after adjusting for body fat percentage (p=0.683) and fat mass (p=0.973). Conclusion Children, adolescents, and young adults with metabolic syndrome ambulate more slowly and take fewer strides throughout the day than those without metabolic syndrome, even though the total amount of time spent ambulating is not different. Furthermore, the detrimental influence of metabolic syndrome on ambulatory cadence is primarily a function of body fatness.

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“…R2 and R1 were almost identical in the total population, but in participants who were of older age and had hypertension and diabetes, mean R2 exceeded R1. The mechanism of divergence in SBP pattern according to these 3 characteristics is unknown, but may be linked to the decreased large artery compliance that is common to all 3 conditions 36,37 . Older age independently predicted having SBP increase from R1 to R2, a phenomenon observed in 43% of our study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Blood pressure measurement protocol determines hypertension phenotypes in a Middle Eastern population

Warda

Elshorbagy

Habib³

et al. 2020

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Clinic blood pressure (BP) measurement remains a crucial step in managing hypertension. While the number of measures recorded in different settings varies, with typically 1‐3 measures, there has been no prior justification for the actual number of measures required. We investigated the pattern of BP variability over 5 consecutive automated readings (R1‐R5) and the influence of patient characteristics on this pattern to identify the phenotype of hypertension in a Middle Eastern population. There were 1389 outpatients (51% men, 49% women), age range (18‐87 y) who had 5 unattended automated consecutive BP measurements with one‐minute intervals using the validated Datascope Mindray Passport V Monitor with the patient blinded from the results. Mean (±SEM) SBP for R1 (136.0 ± 2 mm Hg) was similar to R2 (136.2 ± 2 mm Hg). Thereafter SBP progressively declined till R5 by total of 5.5 mm Hg. The SBP decline was less (4.2 mm Hg) in older (>50 years) vs younger participants (8.1 mm Hg; P < .001) and was blunted in diabetic and hypertensive participants. Overall, 43% of participants had R2 > R1, and 24% additionally had R5 > R1. Age was a strong independent predictor of having both R2 > R1 and R5 > R1, as well as diabetes. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased by average 2.8 mm Hg from R1 to R5. Females had a 5‐fold greater total decline in DBP vs males (P < .001). Using the mean of 5 BP measures resulted in fewer participants being classified as hypertensive (36% of the population) compared to using one measurement (46%), or established BP guidelines which use different combinations of R1‐R3 (37%‐42%). Our findings in a Middle Eastern population highlight the importance of the BP measurement protocol in combination with patient characteristics in determining whether a patient is diagnosed with hypertension. Protocols that rely on different combinations of only 3 measures (R1‐3) will classify more participants as hypertensive, compared to using 5 measures or disregarding a high R2.

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Predictors of Large and Small Artery Elasticity in Healthy Subjects From 9 to 89 Years Old

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Arterial elasticity in American Indian and Caucasian children, adolescents, and young adults

Arterial elasticity in American Indian and Caucasian children, adolescents, and young adults

Metabolic Syndrome and Daily Ambulation in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Blood pressure measurement protocol determines hypertension phenotypes in a Middle Eastern population

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