Predictors of long-term outcome of first-episode schizophrenia: A ten-year follow-up study

Shrivastava, Amresh; Shah, Nilesh; Johnston, Megan; Stitt, Larry; Thakar, Meghana

doi:10.4103/0019-5545.74306

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An Indian prospective study with a 10‐year follow‐up focused on predictors of long‐term outcome . The Clinical Global Impression Scale‐Improvement (CGIS‐I) was used to assess overall clinical change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the reason why insidious onset is associated with worse prognosis is that it leads to a longer DUP. The finding that higher levels of negative symptoms at baseline predict poorer outcome perhaps implies insidious onset. Other predictors of worse prognosis include earlier age of onset, higher levels of aggression and worse cognitive functioning.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample reported by the Indian authors provides an important insight into schizophrenia outcome in a culture that is different from that prevailing in the environment of most other studies. Furthermore, the study showed the importance of social parameters in the complete assessment of the patients’ life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Very long-term outcome of schizophrenia

Volavka

Vevera

2018

Int J Clin Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The long-term outcome of schizophrenia is highly variable, depending on access to mental healthcare, early detection of psychosis and pharmacological treatment. Recent data support the effectiveness of low-dose antipsychotic treatment for long-term maintenance in some patients. A proportion of first-episode schizophrenia patients, perhaps 20%, do not need long-term maintenance antipsychotic treatment. That proportion may be higher in schizophrenia spectrum patients. The reasons why these patients do not need the long-term treatment are not well understood. Methods to predict the membership in this subgroup are not yet good enough for clinical use in individual patients.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Very long-term outcome of schizophrenia

Volavka

Vevera

2018

Int J Clin Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A longitudinal 10 year study in first episode schizophrenia patients demonstrated that treatments received, social support, compliance and delay in treatment all affect outcome in schizophrenia. 30 A review on Indian research in schizophrenia has also emphasized that elucidating factors affecting recovery and non recovery in schizophrenia shall help in the primary prevention of the problem itself. 31 Women in India has been shown to often have better outcomes in schizophrenia than men while delay in seeking treatment is often longer in the case of women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Characteristics of Patients Who do not Recover in the Long-term Treatment of First Episode Schizophrenia

Shrivastava¹,

Karia²,

Shah³

et al. 2019

IJMEDPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Despite revolutionary advances in treatment of Schizophrenia, about 30-40% patient do not achieve a state of recovery. This limited outcome interferes achieving a positive outcome and wellness. Long term outcome in schizophrenia has been poorly studied. There is a dearth of longitudinal studies that determine factors affecting outcome in patients with first episode of schizophrenia. While short term studies have yielded some findings, long term studies in this domain are rare. The present study looks at the characteristics and factors that affect non recovery in patients with first episode schizophrenia over a ten year duration. Methodology: 101 patients attending a non government private psychiatric hospital were followed up over a 10 year period and assessed for recovery and outcome parameters using the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGIS ≤ 2), the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) based on RSWG criteria, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Quality of Life Scale (QOLS), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) for extrapyramidal symptoms. Independent living and family burden were studied on a 1 to 5 point likert scale with 1 being worst and 5 being good. Non recovery was defined as Good outcome was defined as a score of 2 or less on CGIS. The results were analyzed statistically and presented. Results: When non recovered subjects were assessed on various parameters, significant reductions in total PANSS scores, positive and negative symptom scores, depression scores on the HDRS (p<0.0001 in all cases). The non recovered group had significantly greater number of hospitalizations (p<0.0001), more disorganized behavior (p<0.0002), greater interpersonal issues (p=0.0013) and poor outcome on independent living (p<0.0001). Assessment of the baseline characteristics of both groups revealed that age at the time of entry into the study was lower in the non-recovery group (p<0.0001) while greater negative symptom scores (p<0.0001), greater depression scores (p<0.0001) and greater aggression was present. Conclusion: The present study shows that early age of onset of psychosis and presence of severe negative symptoms are significantly related to future non-response in long term outcome of first episode schizophrenia. It is also important mentioning that symptom reduction alone is insufficient when looked as an outcome measure in schizophrenia.

show abstract

“…General information of the patient was collected in a proforma and information on psychiatric illness was collected in psychiatric questionnaire developed by Michael C. Hilton. 19 Drug abuse screening test (DAST) developed by Harvey A. Skinner, alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) developed by WHO, Suicide risk scale developed by National Health and Medical Research Council, Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) developed by SR Kay et al [20][21][22][23][24] were used to assess the patients. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS software version 17.0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical correlates of first episode schizophrenia-a comparative study

Kathir¹,

Pugazhendhi²,

Ravishankar³

2018

Int J Res Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder which has to be assessed early and managed actively even though long term functional outcome remains relatively poor. The aim of the study is to analyze negative symptoms, suicidal risk and substance use in first episode schizophrenics in comparison with multi-episode schizophrenics.Methods: 30 patients with drug naive first episode schizophrenia and 30 patients with multi episode schizophrenia, who attended the outpatient department of Psychiatry, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India were studied to compare predisposing factors and spectrum of symptoms for Schizophrenia for a period of one year (January 2010-December 2010). Psychiatric questionnaire by Michael C. Hilton, DAST by Harvey A. Skinner, AUDIT by WHO, Suicide risk scale by National Health and Medical Research Council, PANSS by SR Kay were used to assess patients.Results: Unemployment and family history of suicide attempts were observed more in drug naive first episode schizophrenics. 90% of these patients had completed their primary education while 47% of multi-episode schizophrenics were illiterates. Positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinatory behaviour and suspiciousness) and negative symptoms (blunted affect, emotional withdrawal and social withdrawal) were observed more in first episode schizophrenics while PANSS, DAST, AUDIT scores did not find any differences between both the groups.Conclusions: In our study, the first episode schizophrenia patients were more educated, more unemployed and had more family history of suicide, elevated sub score of positive symptoms as measured by PANSS. Relative assessment of violence and serious behavior problems that are related to positive symptoms must be done and managed with anti psychotics.

show abstract

Predictors of long-term outcome of first-episode schizophrenia: A ten-year follow-up study

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Very long-term outcome of schizophrenia

Very long-term outcome of schizophrenia

A Study on the Characteristics of Patients Who do not Recover in the Long-term Treatment of First Episode Schizophrenia

Clinical correlates of first episode schizophrenia-a comparative study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About