Predictors of medication compliance among older heart failure patients

Abstract

Aim. To examine relationships between psycho-social and patho-physiological measures in explaining medication compliance in older heart failure (HF) patients. Background. Self-efficacy is a predictor not only of medication compliance, but also health recovery. How older HF patients conceptualize and manage this life-threatening event is central to ongoing rehabilitation. Regulating ongoing medical and lifestyle changes in the rehabilitation process requires that any underlying negative affect be productively managed by the use of appropriate coping strategies. Method. Using an exploratory correlational design, 51 older HF patients were asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory, Beliefs about Medication and Diet Questionnaire, Reactions to Daily Events Questionnaire and Self-regulation scale. A self-report measure of medication compliance was obtained as part of a semi-structured interview. The study was conducted in 2003-2004. Results. Using descriptive statistics, patho-physiological and psychosocial characteristics were given. Independent t-tests were used to assess the gender effects. Pairwise correlations were used to examine the relationships between presenting circumstances, psychosocial characteristics, medication compliance beliefs and self-reported medication compliance behaviours. All positive coping strategies and self-regulation were associated with positive intentions in medication compliance. Males were more inclined towards proactive coping and self-regulatory strategies than were females. Increased depressive symptoms were linked to carelessness in compliance. A belief in medication compliance was associated with a reduced likelihood of carelessness Conclusion. Bandura's three conditions for agency in rehabilitation, self-efficacy and goal-directed intention appeared to be important even in the early phase of the programme. Positive coping strategies and self-regulation suggests a positive basis for medication compliance and more successful ongoing rehabilitation for older HF patients. We identify a significantly enhanced educative role for nurses in this context. Relevance to clinical practice. We suggest that nurses dealing with compliance issues among older patients need to monitor behaviour through addressing both the quality of affect during the patient's response to HF (self-concept, -esteem and -efficacy) as well as the quality of health-related metacognitive knowledge underlying the self-regulatory decisions (such as the patients conceptions of 'wellness' and the strategic knowledge underpinning its achievement and maintenance).

Determinants of adherence to heart failure medication: a systematic literature review

“…The outcome variable was operationalized in all included studies. Multivariate analyses were performed in all but one [26] of the included studies (90.9 %).…”

Improving medication adherence of patients with chronic heart failure: challenges and solutions

“…35 Patients who have depression have a greater likelihood of non-adherence. 38 In a study by Cholowski and Cantwell, patients with depressive symptoms were 15% less likely to adhere to a prescribed regimen. 38 Also, additional medical comorbidities can affect adherence rates.…”

“…38 In a study by Cholowski and Cantwell, patients with depressive symptoms were 15% less likely to adhere to a prescribed regimen. 38 Also, additional medical comorbidities can affect adherence rates. In two studies, it was noted that with an increase in comorbidities, medication adherence rates decrease.…”

Psychosocial predictors of non-adherence to chronic medication: systematic review of longitudinal studies

“…The findings in these cross-sectional studies are ambiguous at best 8,64–68. For example, an active coping style was associated with medication adherence in some studies8,68 but not in others,64,66 and stress was associated with lesser adherence in a study of Holt et al,67 but was unrelated to non-adherence in a study of Ediger et al65…”