Predictors of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in the Gedeo-Zone, Southern-Ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study

Bune, Girma Tenkolu; Yalew, Alemayehu Worku; Kumie, Abera

doi:10.21203/rs.2.21930/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous studies from Nigeria that has compared PLWHIV on ART and ART naive found a higher prevalence of MetS among the former (Muhammad et al, 2017;Muhammad et al, 2013;Ojong et al, 2022). Also, studies from other African countries (Bune et al, 2020 andOsoti et al, 2018) reported similar trend. However, among the PWoH in this study who are apparently healthy individuals, the prevalence of MetS was found to be 14.5%, which was higher than other studies (Raimi et al, 2018;Muazu et al, 2019;Ojong et al, 2022), which reported prevalence of 4.9%, 8.8% and 2.7%, respectively, though Adeyemi et al, 2017 andAmaewhule et al (2021) reported a very high prevalence of 36.8% and 41.1%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Investigation of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV: insight from a comparative study

Akintola,

Oladoyinbo,

Ayedun

2024

NFS

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) considering a comparative study. Design/methodology/approach A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with 247 respondents which include 123 HIV patients and 124 people without HIV (PWoH) recruited using a simple random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements were taken using the standard procedures and instruments. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured in all the subjects. The lipid level and blood glucose were obtained using a vacutainer method to collect at least 5 ml of venous blood into a heparin-containing bottle and fluoride bottle, and a chemical pathology analysis was conducted at the pathology laboratory. Findings Using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, the overall prevalence of MetS was 21.1%, while 27.6% and 14.5% prevalence were observed among the PLWHIV and PWoH, respectively. In all, 4% of the respondents were underweight, 40.9% had normal body mass index, 29.6 were overweight and 18.6 were obese I. The mean total cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) for PLWHIV and controls were 162.59 ± 37.80, 177.54 ± 34.23, 91.62 ± 51.74 and 69.59 ± 33.87 mg/dl, respectively. There was no significant association between gender and MetS. Of all the determinants of MetS, central obesity has the highest prevalence (71.5%, 65.3%) among the PLWHIV and the controls. Raised TGs were the components of MetS with the least prevalence (9.8% and 4.8%) among PLWHIV and PWoH. There was a significant association between reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p = 0.001) and raised blood pressure (p = 0.001) of PLWHIV and PWoH. This study reveals that the burden of MetS among PLWHIV is higher than apparently healthy individuals. Research limitations/implications This study could not measure the association between specific antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens and MetS because all the PLWHIV in the study are on one regimen Tenofovir disoproxil/lamivudine/dolutegravir. Therefore, longitudinal studies on the extent of ART on MetS should be carried out while using newly diagnosed HIV patients who are not yet on ART as controls. Practical implications Prevalence of MetS and its components toward the high range among PLWHIV compared to the PWoH who are apparently healthy individuals was found. Higher prevalence of central obesity and reduced HDL-C among PLWHIV was also found. Overall, MetS is high among PLWHIV, and this might predispose them to adverse metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases among others. Therefore, screening for metabolic risk factors should be adopted as part of routine HIV care. Originality/value The findings reveal the magnitude of MetS among PLWHIV compared to the apparently healthy individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Investigation of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV: insight from a comparative study

Akintola,

Oladoyinbo,

Ayedun

2024

NFS

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“…Prevalent MetS is also directly associated with stress 151 ; elevated intraocular pressure among people without glaucoma 152 ; sensorineural hearing loss among people with Turner syndrome 153 ; exposure to pesticides 154 ; exposure to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV 155 ; elevated urine sodium 156 ; poor sleep characteristics 157 ; OSA 158 ; snoring 159 ; microalbuminuria 160 ; sarcopenia in middle-aged and older nonobese adults 161 ; visceral fat level 162 ; hypoactive sexual desire disorder among postmenopausal women 163 ; high heavy metal exposure 164 ; and high occupational noise exposure. 165…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Tsao¹,

Aday²,

Almarzooq³

et al. 2022

Circulation

3,787

2,336

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Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2022 Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year’s edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population and an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, and the global burden of cardiovascular disease and healthy life expectancy. Results: Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. Conclusions: The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

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Predictors of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV in the Gedeo-Zone, Southern-Ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study

Cited by 2 publications

References 47 publications

Investigation of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV: insight from a comparative study

Investigation of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV: insight from a comparative study

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

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