Predictors of Motivation to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccination and the Number of COVID-19 Vaccine Doses Received in Patients with Schizophrenia

Abstract

Individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to be infected with COVID-19 than are members of the general population. No prospective study has examined the associations of multi-dimensional factors with the motivation to receive vaccination against COVID-19. This follow-up study investigated the effects of individual (sociodemographic and illness characteristics, depression, and self-esteem), environmental (perceived social support), and individual–environmental interaction factors (self-stigma and loneliness) on the motivation to receive vaccination against COVID-19 and the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received one year later among 300 individuals with schizophrenia. The associations of baseline factors with motivation to receive vaccination against COVID-19 and the number of vaccine doses received 1 year later were examined through linear regression analysis. The results indicated that greater loneliness (p < 0.01) and being married or cohabitating (p < 0.05) at baseline were significantly associated with lower motivation to receive vaccination against COVID-19 at follow-up. Disorganization (p < 0.05) at baseline was significantly associated with fewer COVID-19 vaccine doses at follow-up; greater motivation to receive vaccination was significantly associated with more COVID-19 vaccine doses at follow-up (p < 0.001). Health professionals should consider the identified predictors while developing intervention programs aimed at enhancing vaccination against COVID-19 in individuals with schizophrenia.