Predictors of Performance on the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Knowledge: A Systematic Literature Review

Jacobparayil, Adrian; Ali, Hisham; Pomeroy, Brian; Baronia, Regina; Chavez, Marina; Ibrahim, Yasin

doi:10.7759/cureus.22280

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[ 19 , 20 ] Furthermore, one systematic review also showed negative correlation between age and United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 clinical knowledge. [ 21 ] These results in the U.S. are generally compatible to this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of Younger and Older medical student performance outcomes: A retrospective analysis in Japan

Komasawa¹,

Terasaki²,

Takitani³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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The present study examined the impact of age on medical student repeat-year experience and performance outcomes on the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), Clinical Clerkship (CC), and other relevant examinations in the Japanese medical school system. This retrospective analysis examined the number of students with repeat-years and the years required to graduate, stratifying students by the age they entered medical school (Younger: within 4 years of high school graduation; Older: 5 or more years after high school graduation). Scores of the Pre-CC OSCE, Computer-based testing (CBT), CC performance, CC integrative test, and graduation exams were compared among those graduating from our medical school between 2018 and 2020, and examined correlations between student age and performance outcomes. From 2018 to 2020, 328 medical students graduated. Of these, 283 had entered within 4 years of high school graduation (Younger), while 45 did so 5 or more years after high school graduation (Older). The number of repeat-years did not differ significantly between groups. The average number of years required to graduate was slightly higher for the Older group and the Younger group scored significantly higher on the CC integrative test. No significant differences were found for the remaining tests. These results suggest that older medical students in general show no significant inferiority in their performance of most clinical skills and competencies relative to younger students in Japan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparison of Younger and Older medical student performance outcomes: A retrospective analysis in Japan

Komasawa¹,

Terasaki²,

Takitani³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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“…Previous studies conducted for the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) showed that previous academic achievement was correlated with higher USMLE scores [ 27 ]. A systematic review conducted in 2022 in the USMLE setting also found that step 1 scores, practice examinations, and GPA from high school, all indicators of previous academic achievement, were associated with higher step 2 scores [ 28 ]. Socioeconomic status plays an important role in education; as previously demonstrated by Jacobparayil et al [ 28 ] and Giordano et al [ 27 ], medical students with socioeconomic disadvantages and older age performed worst on USMLE examinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with medical students scores on the National Licensing Exam in Peru: a systematic review

Cohaila¹

2022

J Educ Eval Health Prof

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Purpose This study aimed to identify factors that have been studied for their associations with National Licensing Examination (ENA M) score s in Peru.Methods A search was conducted of literature databases and regist e rs , including EMBASE, SciELO , Web of Science, MEDLINE, Peru s National Register of Research Work and Google Scholar . T he following key terms were used: “ENAM” and a ssociated f actors S tudies in English and Spanish were included. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument MERSQIResults In total, 38,500 participants were enrolled in 12 studies. Most (11/12) studies were cross sectional, except for one case control study . Three studies were published in peer reviewed journals. The mean MERSQI was 10.33. A better performance on the ENAM was associated with a higher grade point average ( GPA (n=8), internship setting in EsSalud (n=4) and regular academic status (n=3). Other factors showed associations in various studies , such as med ical school, internship setting, age, gender , socioeconomic status, simulations test, study resources, preparation time, learning styles, study techniques, test anxiety, and self regulated learning strategies.Conclusion The ENAM is a multifactorial phenomenon; our model gives students a locus of control on what they can do to improve their score ( i .e., implement self regulated learning strategies) and faculty, health policymakers, and managers a framework to improve the ENAM score ( i .e ., de sign remediation programs to improve GPA and integrate anxiety management courses in to the curriculum)

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“…Medical school and residency applications include standardised objective measures, such as undergraduate GPA, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) or the United Stated Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), as well as a more holistic review of experiences, extracurriculars and personal attributes. A vast amount of research in the admissions literature has shown a correlation between quantitative academic measures and future success in medical school 2–5 . While admissions committees traditionally have placed greater emphasis on these quantitative academic measures, a holistic review has been shown to confer benefits such as increased diversity of matriculants 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A vast amount of research in the admissions literature has shown a correlation between quantitative academic measures and future success in medical school. [2][3][4][5] While admissions committees traditionally have placed greater emphasis on these quantitative academic measures, a holistic review has been shown to confer benefits such as increased diversity of matriculants. 6,7 As such, in recent years the Association of American Medical College has encouraged medical schools to use a holistic review, which they define as a "selection process which takes into consideration applicants' experiences, attributes, and academic metrics as well as the value an applicant would contribute to learning, practice, and teaching."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Athletes in medicine: A systematic review of performance of athletes in medicine

et al. 2023

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IntroductionAs interest in medicine grows, admissions committees must review an increasingly competitive pool of medical school and residency candidates. Nearly all admissions committees have moved towards a holistic review, which considers an applicant's experiences and attributes in addition to academic metrics. As such, identifying nonacademic predictors of success in medicine is necessary. Parallels between skills necessary to succeed in athletics and in medicine have been drawn, including teamwork, discipline and resiliency. This systematic review synthesises the current literature to evaluate the relationship between participation in athletics and performance in medicine.MethodsThe authors searched five databases to conduct a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Included studies assessed medical students, residents or attending physicians in the United States or Canada and used prior athletic participation as a predictor or explanatory variable. The review examined associations between prior athletic participation and outcomes in medical school, residency and/or as an attending physician.ResultsEighteen studies evaluating medical students (78%), residents (28%) or attending physicians (6%) met inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Twelve (67%) studies specifically assessed participants based on skill level, and five (28%) studies specifically assessed participants based on type of athletic participation (team versus individual). Sixteen studies (89%) found that former athletes performed significantly better than their counterparts (p < 0.05). These studies found significant associations between prior athletic participation and better outcomes in multiple performance indicators, including exam scores, faculty ratings, surgical errors and burnout.ConclusionsCurrent literature, although limited, suggests that prior participation in athletics may be a predictor of success in medical school and residency. This was demonstrated through objective scoring methods, such as USMLE, and subjective outcomes, such as faculty ratings and burnout. Specifically, multiple studies indicate that former athletes demonstrated increased surgical skill proficiency and decreased burnout as medical students and residents.

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Predictors of Performance on the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Knowledge: A Systematic Literature Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of Younger and Older medical student performance outcomes: A retrospective analysis in Japan

Comparison of Younger and Older medical student performance outcomes: A retrospective analysis in Japan

Factors associated with medical students scores on the National Licensing Exam in Peru: a systematic review

Athletes in medicine: A systematic review of performance of athletes in medicine

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