Predictors of proximal tibia anterior shear force during a vertical stop‐jump

Sell, Timothy C.; Ferris, Cheryl M.; Abt, John P.; Tsai, Yung Shen; Myers, Joseph B.; Fu, Freddie H.; Lephart, Scott M.

doi:10.1002/jor.20459

Cited by 133 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The peak tibial anterior shear forces during sharp decelerating tasks range from 0.2 to 0.8 (3 BW). [37][38][39][40][41][42] Whereas the tasks and time points used for the analyses differ somewhat among these studies and our study, all of these tasks involve sudden deceleration motions, and the tibial anterior shear forces that we generally observed in SSL and URL are similar to those in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Shimokochi

Ambegaonkar

Meyer

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral force magnitudes and directions have been shown to affect anterior cruciate ligament loading during landing. However, the kinematic and kinetic factors modifying these 2 forces during landing are unknown.Objective: To clarify the intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links underlying the alteration of the GRF and tibiofemoral force vectors secondary to changes in the sagittal-plane body position during single-legged landing.Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty recreationally active participants (age ¼ 23.4 6 3.6 years, height ¼ 171.0 6 9.4 cm, mass ¼ 73.3 6 12.7 kg).Intervention(s): Participants performed single-legged landings using 3 landing styles: self-selected landing (SSL), body leaning forward and landing on the toes (LFL), and body upright with flat-footed landing (URL). Three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics were recorded.Main Outcome Measure(s): Sagittal-plane tibial inclination and knee-flexion angles, GRF magnitude and inclination angles relative to the tibia, and proximal tibial forces at peak tibial axial forces.Results: The URL resulted in less time to peak tibial axial forces, smaller knee-flexion angles, and greater magnitude and a more anteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than did the SSL. These changes led to the greatest peak tibial axial and anterior shear forces in the URL among the 3 landing styles. Conversely, the LFL resulted in longer time to peak tibial axial forces, greater knee-flexion angles, and reduced magnitude and a more posteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than the SSL. These changes in LFL resulted in the lowest peak tibial axial and largest posterior shear forces among the 3 landing styles.Conclusions: Sagittal-plane intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links strongly affected the magnitude and direction of GRF and tibiofemoral forces during the impact phase of singlelegged landing. Therefore, improving sagittal-plane landing mechanics is important in reducing harmful magnitudes and directions of impact forces on the anterior cruciate ligament.Key Words: anterior cruciate ligament, tibial posterior slope, lower extremity biomechanics, injury prevention, landing strategy Key PointsAt the impact phase of single-legged landing, sagittal-plane kinetics and kinematics of body segments were strongly related, affecting both the magnitude and direction of the ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral forces relative to the tibia and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. A longer time to peak GRF in single-legged landing on the toes with the body leaning forward allowed greater knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and shock attenuation, leading to a reduced magnitude of GRF that was more posteriorly inclined relative to the tibia and smaller tibial axial forces and posteriorly directed tibial shear forces. A shorter time to peak GRF during flat-footed landing with the body upright led to less knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and s...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Shimokochi

Ambegaonkar

Meyer

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…The running-stop-jump task is an athletic maneuver frequently performed in various sports. [49][50][51] Participants had an approach run and then a 2-footed landing, with each foot landing on the corresponding force plate. The landing was followed by an immediate takeoff (vertical jump) for maximum height and landing back onto the force plates ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Immediate Posttestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instruction and Jump-Landing Kinematics in College-Aged Female Athletes Over Time

Etnoyer

Cortés

Ringleb

et al. 2013

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Instruction can be used to alter the biomechanical movement patterns associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.Objective: To determine the effects of instruction through combination (self and expert) feedback or self-feedback on lower extremity kinematics during the box-drop-jump task, running-stop-jump task, and sidestep-cutting maneuver over time in college-aged female athletes.Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Forty-three physically active women (age ¼ 21.47 6 1.55 years, height ¼ 1.65 6 0.08 m, mass ¼ 63.78 6 12.00 kg) with no history of ACL or lower extremity injuries or surgery in the 2 months before the study were assigned randomly to 3 groups: self-feedback (SE), combination feedback (CB), or control (CT).Intervention(s): Participants performed a box-drop-jump task for the pretest and then received feedback about their landing mechanics. After the intervention, they performed an immediate posttest of the box-drop-jump task and a runningstop-jump transfer test. Participants returned 1 month later for a retention test of each task and a sidestep-cutting maneuver. Kinematic data were collected with an 8-camera system sampled at 500 Hz. Main Outcome Measure(s):The independent variables were feedback group (3), test time (3), and task (3). The dependent variables were knee-and hip-flexion, knee-valgus, and hip-abduction kinematics at initial contact and at peak knee flexion.Results: For the box-drop-jump task, knee-and hip-flexion angles at initial contact were greater at the posttest than at the retention test (P , .001). At peak knee flexion, hip flexion was greater at the posttest than at the pretest (P ¼ .003) and was greater at the retention test than at the pretest (P ¼ .04); knee valgus was greater at the retention test than at the pretest (P ¼ .03) and posttest (P ¼ .02). Peak knee flexion was greater for the CB than the SE group (P ¼ .03) during the box-drop-jump task at posttest. For the running-stop-jump task at the posttest, the CB group had greater peak knee flexion than the SE and CT (P .05).Conclusions: Our results suggest that feedback involving a combination of self-feedback and expert video feedback with oral instruction effectively improved lower extremity kinematics during jump-landing tasks.

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“…The body disability in contraction generation and also disability in movement prediction can increase the ground reaction force dramatically [35]. Based on previous studies the increase of knee flexion angle leads to decrease in proximal anterior shear force [8,10]. Also, these studies showed that the maximum knee extensor moment corresponds to the knee anterior shear force [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The body acceleration increases and the lower limb muscles contract eccentrically during landing to support the body weight and acceleration. Therefore, these muscle forces can increase the anterior shear force by extensor mechanism [10]. Co-contraction of the lower limb muscles can absorb the forces applied on the knee, and as a result, it can reduce the forces applied on the knee ligaments [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sudden movements and high amounts of loads during landing can cause injuries in the knee and ankle joints [9]. Studying the mechanism of injury and kinematic analysis shows that the movements and body condition can increase the risk of injury [10]. For instance, previous studies showed the increase of knee valgus angle [11,12], the decrease of the knee flexion [11,13], and reducing of the hip flexion angle [6,8] during the landing can cause more damage to the ACL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can eight weeks of stabilization exercise change the amount of knee flexion and anterior shear force?

Fatahi¹,

Ghasemi²,

Karimi³

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of eight-week stabilization training on knee flexion and anterior shear force during a single leg drop landing to prevent ACL injury. Material and Method: Thirty basketball athletes were randomly assigned to a training group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). Training group performed the Core stability training for 8 weeks, but control group did not perform these exercises. Lower extremity kinetics and kinematics variables during single-leg drop landing were collected by motion analysis and force plate in pre and post-test. Data were analyzed by using mixed ANOVA repeated measure test with significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The results showed that the amount of knee flexion significantly increased after conducting the 8 weeks of core stability training (P< 0.05), while there was no significant decrease in anterior shear forces (P> 0.05). Discussion: Based on the results, the core stability training by increasing the core stability can improve the core muscles recruitment during landing. Therefore, it can be concluded that core stability training can reduce the ACL injury risks during the dynamic movements.

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Predictors of proximal tibia anterior shear force during a vertical stop‐jump

Cited by 133 publications

References 55 publications

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Instruction and Jump-Landing Kinematics in College-Aged Female Athletes Over Time

Can eight weeks of stabilization exercise change the amount of knee flexion and anterior shear force?

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