Predictors of rape: Findings from the National Survey of Adolescents

Elwood, Lisa S.; Smith, Daniel; Resnick, Heidi S.; Guðmundsdóttir, Berglind; Amstadter, Ananda B.; Hanson, Rochelle F.; Saunders, Benjamin E.; Kilpatrick, Dean G.

doi:10.1002/jts.20624

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The association between hazardous alcohol consumption/drug use and physical/sexual abuse in the young women found in this study is consistent with one study [41], although another did not find strong relationships [18]. The association between violence exposure and alcohol is complex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Hazardous alcohol use or binge drinking are sometimes found to be associated with violence exposure in youths [8,17], but not always [2,12,18,19]. Smoking and drug use are more constantly associated with violence victimization [2,8,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that people with childhood victimization are more likely to take part in high-risk behaviours [20,21]. Although numerous studies have identified exposure to childhood physical and/or sexual abuse as significantly increasing the risk for later violence exposure in adult women [7,22], sometimes including adult men [23,24] and young adults [18,25,26], little attention has been paid to exposure to emotional abuse during childhood and later abuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Strong association between earlier abuse and revictimization in youth

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundViolence victimization among youth is recognized as a public health problem. The objective was to analyze the risk pattern of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse during the past 12 months by gender, sociodemographic factors, health risk behaviors, and exposure to abuse before the age of 15, among young men and women attending youth health centers in Sweden.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted using a nationally representative sample of youth health centers. A total of 2,250 young women and 920 young men aged 15–23 completed a self-administered questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CI were calculated.ResultsA consistent and strong association was noted between exposure to all types of violence during the past year and victimization before the age of 15 for all types of violence for both women and men. The only exceptions were childhood sexual victimization and sexual violence during the past year for men. Younger age was associated with all violence exposure for the women and with emotional violence for the men. For the women, drug use was associated with all types of violence, while the association with hazardous alcohol use and not living with parents was restricted to physical and sexual violence exposure, present smoking was restricted to emotional and physical violence exposure, and partnership and living in urban areas were restricted to sexual violence. For men, not being partnered, hazardous alcohol consumption, and drug use meant increased risk for physical violence, while smoking and living in urban areas were associated with sexual violence. After adjustment, immigration had no association with violence exposure.ConclusionsViolence victimization in young men and women is often not a single experience. Findings underline the importance of early interventions among previously abused youth.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Strong association between earlier abuse and revictimization in youth

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, these processes do not indicate a causal relationship between prior victimization and later (re)victimization due to the victims’ behaviors that could in any way make them responsible for the victimization. In sum, future research needs to further focus on the link between experienced parental violence, CSA, and (re)victimization in adolescence and adulthood [31,36,73], while accounting for other forms of child maltreatment as well as biasing factors, such as social desirability in self-reports [39,41]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Violence against Women in Germany: Prevalence and Risk Markers

Hellmann¹,

Kinninger

Kliem

2018

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research has repeatedly shown that gender-based violence affects a considerable proportion of women in any given population. Apart from providing current estimates of the prevalence of sexual violence against women in Germany, we identified specific risk markers applying an advanced statistical method. We analyzed data from a survey of N = 4450 women representative of the German population, conducted by the Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony in 2011. Lifetime prevalence for experiencing sexual violence was 5.4% for women aged 21–40 years (five-year prevalence: 2.5%). Non-parametric conditional inference tree (C-Tree) analyses revealed that physical and sexual abuse during childhood as well as being divorced, separated, or widowed was the most informative constellation of risk markers, increasing the five-year prevalence rate of experienced sexual violence victimizations up to 17.0%. Furthermore, knowing about the official penalization of marital rape was related to a lower victimization risk for women without a history of parental violence. Possible explanations for these findings as well as implications for future research are critically discussed.

show abstract

“…As one example, traumatic events experienced during childhood and adolescence appear to predict negative mental health outcomes in adulthood more than trauma experienced later in life, and these effects are larger when multiple traumatic events are experienced during childhood [31, 32]. Relatedly, trauma-related mental health symptoms during adolescence may serve as an independent risk factor for future trauma exposure [33, 34]. As a result, understanding racial/ethnic disparities in trauma exposure and related mental health difficulties among adolescents may aid in understanding complex disparities in adulthood.…”

Section: Racial and Ethnic Differences In Lifetime Trauma Exposure Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvictimization, income, and ethnic differences in trauma-related mental health during adolescence

Andrews

Jobe‐Shields

López

et al. 2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to investigate ethnic differences in trauma-related mental health symptoms among adolescents, and test the mediating and moderating effects of polyvictimization (i.e., number of types of traumas/victimizations experienced by an individual) and household income, respectively. Methods Data were drawn from the first wave of the National Survey of Adolescents replication study (NSA-R), which took place in the U.S. in 2005 and utilized random digit dialing to administer a telephone survey to adolescents ages 12-17. Participants included in the current analyses were the 3,312 adolescents (50.2% female; Mean age = 14.67 years) from the original sample of 3,614 who identified as non-Hispanic White (n = 2,346, 70.8%), non-Hispanic Black (n = 557, 16.8%), or Hispanic (n = 409, 12.3%). Structural equation modeling was utilized to test hypothesized models. Results Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic participants reported higher levels of polyvictimization and trauma-related mental health symptoms (symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression) compared to non-Hispanic Whites, though the effect sizes were small (γ ≤ .07). Polyvictimization fully accounted for the differences in mental health symptoms between non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites, and partially accounted for the differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. The relation between polyvictimization and trauma-related mental health symptoms was higher for low-income youth than for high-income youth. Conclusions Disparities in trauma exposure largely accounted for racial/ethnic disparities in trauma-related mental health. Children from low-income family environments appear to be at greater risk of negative mental health outcomes following trauma exposure compared to adolescents from high-income families.

show abstract

Predictors of rape: Findings from the National Survey of Adolescents

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Strong association between earlier abuse and revictimization in youth

Strong association between earlier abuse and revictimization in youth

Sexual Violence against Women in Germany: Prevalence and Risk Markers

Polyvictimization, income, and ethnic differences in trauma-related mental health during adolescence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About