Predictors of Sharing Injection Equipment by HIV-Seropositive Injection Drug Users

Latkin, Carl A.; Buchanan, Amy; Metsch, Lisa R.; Knight, Kelly R.; Latka, Mary H.; Mizuno, Yuko; Knowlton, Amy R.

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31818a6546

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…More specifically, two studies have previously demonstrated an association between severe psychological distress and injection material sharing (including needles) among an undifferentiated sample of PWID [35,36]. The present study confirms this association among a population of cocaine users.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Among these, psychological distress may represent a relevant marker and aspect of mental illnesses predisposing to sharing behaviors. A few studies have suggested that psychological distress could be associated with injection equipment sharing among PWID [35,36]. Nonetheless, few studies have addressed the relation between psychological distress and risks of HIV and HCV transmission related to the different types of material sharing, measured as separate entities, among cocaine users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Lévesque¹,

Bruneau²,

Jutras‐Aswad³

et al. 2014

J Addict Res Ther

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Objective: Cocaine use and mental health disorders have both been separately identified as risk factors for blood borne virus infection. However, the contribution of specific underlying aspects of mental health to risks is not well documented. The aim of this study was to examine the association between psychological distress and risk behaviors for HIV and Hepatitis C infection among cocaine users.Methods: Individuals who either smoked or injected cocaine were recruited in community-based and addiction treatment programs located in downtown Montreal. Participants were asked to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing psychological distress based on the Kessler scale (K10). Three-month risk behaviors outcomes included drug injection material sharing (needle, dilution water, cooker, filters, backloading, frontloading or wash), and smoking equipment sharing. Socio-demographic data, severity of cocaine dependence and other substances use information were also collected. Statistical analyses were conducted using logistic regression.Results: Severe psychological distress was reported by 202 (34.3%) out of 589 participants (86.2% male; 76.6% ≥ 30y.o.). The prevalence of sharing was: 14.8% for needles, 24.9% for other injection equipment (378 injectors) and 68.3% for smoking material (508 smokers). Multivariate analysis showed that injectors with severe psychological distress were more likely to report needle sharing (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.8). No significant association was found between K10 score and sharing of other paraphernalia. Conclusion:Severe psychological distress increases the risk of needle sharing, a major risk factor for HIV and HCV infection, but not sharing of other paraphernalia. These results suggest differential psychological mechanisms according to sharing practices. They also support the importance of screening for psychological distress in order to implement adequate preventive interventions aimed at cocaine users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Lévesque¹,

Bruneau²,

Jutras‐Aswad³

et al. 2014

J Addict Res Ther

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“…42,43 Social network-level approaches have been successfully used with injection drug users at risk of HIV. 44,45 Cultural and gender-specific interventions have showed great success in reducing sexual HIV risk behaviors. 46 Social network-based interventions that promote norms pertaining to HIV risk reduction and provide social support are needed for African American women at risk of heterosexually acquired HIV/STIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Network Characteristics and HIV Sexual Risk Behavior among Urban African American Women

et al. 2011

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HIV/AIDS has emerged as a significant health threat for African American women with well-documented disparities. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between social network characteristics and high-risk sexual behaviors among a sample of urban African American women at risk of heterosexually acquired HIV/STIs. We performed a cross-sectional study of baseline data collected from the CHAT study, a randomized HIV-prevention trial targeting urban HIV-at-risk women in Baltimore, MD. Our primary outcomes were risky sexual behaviors defined as either (a) two or more sexual partners or (b) having a risky sex partner within the past 90 days. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression examining the associations between individual and social network factors and our two outcomes of interest were conducted. The study population included 513 sexually active African American women with a mean age of 41.1 years. High levels of unemployment (89.5%), depressive symptoms (60.0%), and drug use (68.8%) were present among this high-risk urban cohort. Controlling for individual factors including participant drug use, age, and depression, having two or more sex partners within the past 90 days was associated with having a larger personal network (OR=1.11; 95% CI, 1.06 and 1.17); more network members who pitched in to help (OR=1.22; 95% CI, 1.04 and 1.44), provided financial support (OR=1.33; 95% CI, 1.11 and 1.60), or used heroin or cocaine (OR=1.26; 95% CI,

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“…The groups of participants were then compared with respect to the levels of injection risk behavior and drug use, as well as socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics that have been found to be associated with injection risk behavior of HIV-positive IDUs. 2,24 To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to explore the topic of injection serosorting among primarily heterosexual HIV-positive IDUs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Although rates of HIV infection among IDUs have decreased over time, 1 many IDUs continue to share syringes and other injection paraphernalia such as cookers, cotton, and rinse water with their injection partners. 2 HIV-positive IDUs are of particular concern because their risky injection practices can transmit HIV very efficiently. 3 Many studies on sexual behaviors of HIV-positive persons suggest that the HIV status of an HIV-positive person's sex partner is one of the factors that might influence their sexual behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Injection Serosorting Occurring among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users? Comparison by Injection Partner’s HIV Status

et al. 2011

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Research needs to build evidence for the roles that HIV status of injection partners may or may not play in injection risk behaviors of injection drug users (IDUs). Using baseline data collected from a randomized controlled study (INSPIRE) conducted in four cities (Baltimore, Miami, New York, and San Francisco) from 2001 to 2005, we categorized 759 primarily heterosexual HIV-positive IDUs into four groups based on HIV serostatus of drug injection partners. Thirty-two percent of the sample injected exclusively with HIV-positive partners in the past 3 months and more than 60% had risky injection behavior with these partners. Eight percent injected exclusively with HIV-negative partners and 49% injected with any unknown status partners. The remaining 11% reported having both HIV-positive and -negative injection partners, but no partners of unknown HIV status. Riskier injection behavior was found among the group with mixed status partners. The risk among the group with any unknown status partners appeared to be driven by the greater number of injection partners. No major group differences were observed in socio-demographic and psychosocial factors. Our analysis suggests that serosorting appeared to be occurring among some, but not an overwhelming majority of HIV-positive IDUs, and knowledge of HIV status of all injection partners per se did not appear to be as important as knowledge of sexual partner's HIV status in its association with risk behavior.

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Predictors of Sharing Injection Equipment by HIV-Seropositive Injection Drug Users

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Psychological Distress Increases Needle Sharing among Cocaine users: Results from the COSMO Study

Social Network Characteristics and HIV Sexual Risk Behavior among Urban African American Women

Is Injection Serosorting Occurring among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users? Comparison by Injection Partner’s HIV Status

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