Predisposing factors of childhood Henoch-Schönlein purpura in Anhui province, China

Abstract

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a common autoimmune vasculitis in childhood. The detailed pathogenesis of HSP is still unclear, whereas several types of predisposing factors have been proved to be the initial step. The objectives of present study were to analyze the distribution of predisposing factors, association of the predisposing factors with clinical manifestations and HSP relapse/recurrence. 1200 children with HSP were recruited between January 2015 and December 2017. We reviewed their laboratory tests and medical histories associated with HSP onset. The annual incidence of HSP was 8.13–9.17 per 100 000 in Anhui province. HSP occurred more commonly in spring and winter than in summer with an obvious west-to-east gradient. Cutaneous purpura was the most prevalent manifestation (100%), followed by arthritis/arthralgias (43.67%), abdominal pain (40.17%) and renal involvement (18.17%). On admission, series of potential infections were identified in 611 patients (50.92%). The histories of allergy, injury, surgery, vaccination and tick bite were declared by 231 patients (19.25%), 15 patients (1.25%), 12 patients (1.00%), 4 patients (0.33%) and 3 patients (0.25%), respectively. However, predisposing factors could not be identified in 521 children with HSP (43.42%) yet. 123 cases (10.25%) relapsed or recurred more than one time; the mean number was 2.92, and the mean interval was 11.4 weeks. The infection is the most frequent predisposing factor regardless of clinical phenotypes and relapse/recurrence, whereas the clinical manifestations exhibit an obvious heterogenicity according to different predisposing factors.

Scabies, Incomplete Lupus Erythematosus and Henoch-Schonlein Purpura: A Case Report

“…An epidemiological survey in Taiwan, China from 1997 to 2012 demonstrated that a total of 1002 HSP children were recruited with an annual incidence of 9.61 per 100,000 children younger than 18 years. The occurrence of HSP peaks between 7 and 9 years of age, and male children are more often affected than female children [1,2]. Currently, the detailed etiology of HSP remains unknown.…”

“…Several triggers, including infectious agents, foods, drugs, vaccinations and insect bites, have been reported to be associated with HSP onset. Recently, our research panel retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 1200 HSP children, and found that streptococcus was the most frequent infectious trigger and identi ed in 205 cases (17.08%), followed by helicobacter pylori, mycoplasma, parain uenza, respiratory syncytial virus, tubercle bacillus and toxoplasma gondii [2]. Scabies is a skin hypersensitivity reaction caused by infestation with the mite, Sarcoptes scabiei var.…”

Scabies, incomplete lupus erythematosus and Henoch-Schonlein purpura

“…An epidemiological survey in Taiwan, China from 1997 to 2012 that recruited a total of 1002 HSP children demonstrated an annual incidence of 9.61 per 100,000 children younger than 18 years. The occurrence of HSP peaks between 7 and 9 years of age, and male children are more often affected than female children [ 1 , 2 ]. Currently, the detailed etiology of HSP remains unknown.…”

“…Several triggers, including infectious agents, foods, drugs, vaccinations and insect bites, have been reported to be associated with HSP onset. Recently, our research panel retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 1200 HSP children, and found that Streptococcus was the most frequent infectious trigger and was identified in 205 cases (17.08%), followed by Helicobacter pylori , Mycoplasma (MP), parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii [ 2 ]. Scabies is a skin hypersensitivity reaction caused by infestation with the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var.…”

Optimization of Integration Technology of Field Processing and Processing Crude Drugs of Poria cocos According to Biology Effect and Composition Analyses

“…The sclerotia of P. cocos has been post-harvest handled with piling up several days for sweating, peeling off epidermis (steaming or not), cutting to slices (sheets, small squares or cube-like), then sundrying or air-drying. The productivity effect and quality of product depend on the weather and traditional experiences [3]. One well-known method to avoid going moldy, sulfurfumigation was used during the process of some decoction pieces and this fungi medicine is no exception basing on habitat and market investigation.…”