Predisposing factors to light-induced photoreceptor cell damage: Retinal changes in maturing rats

Rapp, Laurence M.; Tolman, Barbara L.; Koutz, Cynthia A.; Thum, Lisa A.

doi:10.1016/0014-4835(90)90070-b

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our observations may thus indicate the involvement of photodynamic processes in causing the acute ROS disk membrane disruptions, rather than neuronal, humoral or local cell biological factors (e.g. Rapp et al, 1990;Bush and Williams, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

Remé

Roberts

et al. 1991

Photochem & Photobiology

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Primary events in the course of light induced retinal lesions are still not fully elucidated. Under chronic conditions, lipid peroxidation in the retina and death of photoreceptor cells are observed. The radioprotective agent WR-77913 scavenges singlet oxygen, hydrated electrons and free radicals. WR-77913 was used to protect against acute light induced photoreceptor outer segment membrane disruptions in the rat retina. There was a partial but not complete protection at higher illuminance levels (800 lx for 30 min), whereas threshold lesions (400 lx for 30 min) were almost completely prevented. These observations indicate an involvement of photodynamic reactions in causing acute photoreceptor lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

Remé

Roberts

et al. 1991

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…In support of retinoids acting as photosensitizers, an increase in the rhodopsin content per rod outer segment length in aging rats was associated with an increase in light damage susceptibility (Rapp et al 1990). Furthermore, the susceptibility to light damage was increased in knock-out mouse models ( Rdh8 −/− Abca4 −/− ) that prevented clearance of all- trans -retinal from photoreceptors (Maeda et al 2008).…”

Section: The Role Of the Visual Cycle In Phototoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The susceptibility of the retina to photochemical damage from visible light

Hunter

Morgan

Merigan

et al. 2012

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

314

261

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The photoreceptor/RPE complex must maintain a delicate balance between maximizing the absorption of photons for vision and retinal image quality while simultaneously minimizing the risk of photodamage when exposed to bright light. We review the recent discovery of two new effects of light exposure on the photoreceptor/RPE complex in the context of current thinking about the causes of retinal phototoxicity. These effects are autofluorescence photobleaching in which exposure to bright light reduces lipofuscin autofluorescence and, at higher light levels, RPE disruption in which the pattern of autofluorescence is permanently altered following light exposure. Both effects occur following exposure to visible light at irradiances that were previously thought to be safe. Photopigment, retinoids involved in the visual cycle, and bisretinoids in lipofuscin have been implicated as possible photosensitizers for photochemical damage. The mechanism of RPE disruption may follow either of these paths. On the other hand, autofluorescence photobleaching is likely an indicator of photooxidation of lipofuscin. The permanent changes inherent in RPE disruption might require modification of the light safety standards. AF photobleaching recovers after several hours although the mechanisms by which this occurs are not yet clear. Understanding the mechanisms of phototoxicity is all the more important given the potential for increased susceptibility in the presence of ocular diseases that affect either the visual cycle and/or lipofuscin accumulation. In addition, knowledge of photochemical mechanisms can improve our understanding of some disease processes that may be influenced by light exposure, such as some forms of Leber’s congenital amaurosis, and aid in the development of new therapies. Such treatment prior to intentional light exposures, as in ophthalmic examinations or surgeries, could provide an effective preventative strategy.

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“…16 On the other hand, an increase in rhodopsin content in rod outer segments increases light damage susceptibility. 17 Studies 18 also indicate that the superior hemisphere of rat retina may be more sensitive to phototoxicity because of greater concentrations of rhodopsin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Light Damage inAbca4andRpe65^rd12Mice

Ueda

Nagasaki

et al. 2014

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Predisposing factors to light-induced photoreceptor cell damage: Retinal changes in maturing rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

The susceptibility of the retina to photochemical damage from visible light

Light Damage inAbca4andRpe65^rd12Mice

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Predisposing factors to light-induced photoreceptor cell damage: Retinal changes in maturing rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

Light Damage in the Rat Retina: Effect of a Radioprotective Agent (Wr‐77913) on Acute Rod Outer Segment Disk Disruptions

The susceptibility of the retina to photochemical damage from visible light

Light Damage inAbca4andRpe65rd12Mice

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Light Damage inAbca4andRpe65^rd12Mice