Predisposition to acute respiratory infections among overweight preadolescent children an epidemiologic study in Poland

Jedrychowski, W

doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(98)00226-1

Cited by 38 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Others found no significant relationship between adiposity and sIgA, yet still reported that obese children had a higher incidence of URTI than normal-weight children 10 . Jedrychowski et al also found that overweight children with a high body mass index (BMI>20) experienced a two-fold higher risk of respiratory infections than children with a BMI<20, independent of physical activity levels but adiposity per se was not measured in their study 18 .…”

Section: Journal Of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 80%

Correlates of Mucosal Immunity and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Girls

Corbett¹,

Muir

Ludwa³

et al. 2010

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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In this study we examined whether salivary hormones, physical activity and adiposity were correlated with secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and frequency of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in 43 early-pubertal and 59 late-pubertal girls. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers and relative body fat was assessed using bioelectrical impendence. Resting saliva samples were obtained between 1500 and 1800hr and assayed for sIgA, cortisol and testosterone. Participants completed a onemonth health log to record URTI frequency. Early-pubertal girls were more physically active, had less adiposity, but lower concentrations of sIgA than late-pubertal adolescents (122.7±91.6 vs 201.9±102.9 pg/ml, respectively). The frequency of URTI was similar in the two groups. Neither sIgA nor URTI were correlated with salivary hormones, physical activity or adiposity within the earlypubertal girls. In the late-pubertal group, sIgA was negatively associated (r=-0.44; p≤0.05) with cortisol, and positively associated (r=0.41; p≤0.05) with the testosterone to cortisol ratio. These results suggest that mucosal immunity increases with pubertal maturation, while higher cortisol is associated with lower mucosal immunity in adolescents.

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Section: Journal Of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 80%

Correlates of Mucosal Immunity and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Girls

Corbett¹,

Muir

Ludwa³

et al. 2010

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…While a complex interplay of hormonal, metabolic, and immunologic processes contribute to the biologic responses in the obese the resultant immune dysfunction increases the risk of infections of the gums, respiratory system, and of surgical sites after an operation [13-17]. Even routine interventions like immunizations may not work as well simply due to the inability of the vaccination needle to reach the muscle tissue of the arm [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast food fever: reviewing the impacts of the Western diet on immunity

Myles

2014

Nutr J

326

172

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While numerous changes in human lifestyle constitute modern life, our diet has been gaining attention as a potential contributor to the increase in immune-mediated diseases. The Western diet is characterized by an over consumption and reduced variety of refined sugars, salt, and saturated fat. Herein our objective is to detail the mechanisms for the Western diet’s impact on immune function. The manuscript reviews the impacts and mechanisms of harm for our over-indulgence in sugar, salt, and fat, as well as the data outlining the impacts of artificial sweeteners, gluten, and genetically modified foods; attention is given to revealing where the literature on the immune impacts of macronutrients is limited to either animal or in vitro models versus where human trials exist. Detailed attention is given to the dietary impact on the gut microbiome and the mechanisms by which our poor dietary choices are encoded into our gut, our genes, and are passed to our offspring. While today’s modern diet may provide beneficial protection from micro- and macronutrient deficiencies, our over abundance of calories and the macronutrients that compose our diet may all lead to increased inflammation, reduced control of infection, increased rates of cancer, and increased risk for allergic and auto-inflammatory disease.

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“…Little is known about the potential effects of BMI on the development of atopy. While some studies have found an effect of BMI on skin test reactivity6 and the prevalence of allergy,9others have failed to find an association between BMI and hay fever5 or self-reported allergy 7. In studies stratified according to sex, associations of BMI with respiratory symptoms and lung function have been more pronounced in women and girls than in men and boys 5…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of body mass index to asthma and atopy in children: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III

Mutius

2001

Thorax

403

285

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Background-An increase in the prevalence of obesity and asthma over recent decades has been reported in aZuent societies. Both overweight and obesity have been shown to be inversely related to having been breastfed, which is also a potential protective factor against childhood atopic diseases. The aim of this analysis was to explore the relation of body mass index (BMI) to asthma and atopy in a large representative sample of the United States population. Methods-Children aged 4-17 years were included in the NHANES III survey. Prevalences of atopic diseases and potential confounding factors such as exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, birth weight, breast feeding, and household size were assessed using structured interviews with parents. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated as kg/m 2 and transformed into Z scores. Children underwent skin prick tests for atopy to a battery of food and inhalant allergens. Results-The prevalence of asthma (8.7% v 9.3% v 10.3% v 14.9%, p=0.0001) and atopy (48.6% v 50.5% v 53.0% v 53.2%, p=0.05) rose significantly with increasing quartiles of BMI. After adjustment for confounders, a significant positive association between BMI and asthma remained (adjusted OR 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.44 to 2.19 between the highest and lowest quartiles of BMI), whereas no independent relation between BMI and atopy was evident. No eVect modification by sex or ethnic group was seen. Conclusions-The eVects of increased BMI on asthma may be mediated by mechanical properties of the respiratory system associated with obesity or by upregulation of inflammatory mechanisms rather than by allergic eosinophilic inflammation of the airway epithelium. (Thorax 2001;56:835-838)

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Predisposition to acute respiratory infections among overweight preadolescent children an epidemiologic study in Poland

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Correlates of Mucosal Immunity and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Girls

Correlates of Mucosal Immunity and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Girls

Fast food fever: reviewing the impacts of the Western diet on immunity

Relation of body mass index to asthma and atopy in children: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III

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