Predominance and Circulation of Enteric Viruses in the Region of Greater Cairo, Egypt

Molecular Characterization of Rotavirus Strains Causing Gastroenteritis in Children under 5 Years in Cairo, Egypt

“…A total of 198 diarrheal specimens were tested by ELISA for rotavirus antigen and 56 (28.3%) were positive. This finding is within the range (11-76.9%) previously detected in Egypt [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and in other countries .3%), including the Middle East and North Africa [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. The variation in prevalence rates may be attributed to different conditions which may have affected the detection rates.…”

“…For example, in other studies there were differences in the number of tested samples, season of sample collection, and the sampling methods. The occurrence of the group A Rotavirus was higher in the first 12 months of life (36%) than in the other age groups, as was observed in previous studies in developing countries [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. This finding may be explained by decline of maternal antibodies with immature immune systems which protect the newborns from pathogens during the first months of life [42].…”

Increase in the detection rate of viral and parasitic enteric pathogens among Egyptian children with acute diarrhea

“…Enzyme immunosorbent assays have been used to study diarrheal infection for years and commercial kits with high sensitivity and specificity are readily available [20,21]. Despite this, only a few studies report the burden of enteric viruses in North Africa [13,22]. This report, the first comprehensive surveillance describing etiologies of enteric viruses and parasites from children with diarrhea seeking medical care, demonstrated that inclusion of additional laboratory tests significantly The previous publication by our colleagues [7] characterized the frequency of bacterial etiologies of diarrhea in the same region, but in our study, additional analyses illustrated the significance of enteric viral infection in the first year of life in Egyptian children, both as a sole pathogen and as part of what may be a true polymicrobial infection.…”

“…Viruses, including rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), enteric adenovirus 40/41 (AdV) and astrovirus (AsV) have been shown to be important causes of acute diarrhea in children during the early years of life [8][9][10][11]. RV and NoV are considered the most important causative agents of viral gastroenteritis [12,13] and surveillance studies have demonstrated that RV is one of the most common causes of diarrhea among children seeking hospital care for their illness [14]. RV infections are responsible for millions of childhood hospitalizations and thousands of potentially preventable deaths in developing countries each year [15].…”

Performance characteristics of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and rapid immunochromatographic test for routine screening of human norovirus

“…In a study done in Egypt by Zaghloul et al (12) they detected norovirus in 16.2% of stool specimens from the children with gastroenteritis. Kamel et al (13) studied the circulation of enteric viruses among the population of Cairo, Egypt, they documented that 26% of their samples were positive for norovirus. Lee et al (14) studied the causative agents in 962 Korean children hospitalized with gastroenteritis they documented that norovirus was detected in 13.7% of the study population.Boga et al (15) (21) found that IDEIA has sensitivity and specificity of 60.6% and 100% respectively.…”