Preemptive vortex-loop proliferation in multicomponent interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Dahl, E. K.; Babaev, Egor; Kragset, Steinar; Sudbø, Asle

doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.144519

Cited by 31 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Even a weak drag interaction substantially affects the vortex states in such systems [16][17][18] . A sufficiently strong interaction leads to the appearance of new phases, namely, it is possible to have phase transitions to states where only co-flows exist (paired superfluids) or only counter-flows exists (supercounterfluids) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] . These phase transitions and phases have, in turn, connections with the co-flow-only and counter-flow-only phases in multicomponent superconductors, where they can be caused by inter-component electromagnetic coupling [24][25][26][27][28] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid drag in the two-component Bose-Hubbard model

Sellin

Babaev

2018

Phys. Rev. B

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In multicomponent superfluids and superconductors, co-and counter-flows of components have in general different properties. It was discussed in 1975 by Andreev and Bashkin, in the context of He 3 /He 4 superfluid mixtures, that inter-particle interactions produce a dissipationless drag. The drag can be understood as a superflow of one component induced by phase gradients of the other component. Importantly the drag can be both positive (entrainment) and negative (counter-flow). The effect is known to be of crucial importance for many properties of diverse physical systems ranging from the dynamics of neutron stars, rotational responses of Bose mixtures of ultra-cold atoms to magnetic responses of multicomponent superconductors. Although there exists a substantial literature that includes the drag interaction phenomenologically, much fewer regimes are covered by quantitative studies of the microscopic origin of the drag and its dependence on microscopic parameters. Here we study the microscopic origin and strength of the drag interaction in a quantum system of two-component bosons on a lattice with short-range interaction. By performing quantum Monte-Carlo simulations of a two-component Bose-Hubbard model we obtain dependencies of the drag strength on the boson-boson interactions and properties of the optical lattice. Of particular interest are the strongly-correlated regimes where the ratio of co-flow and counter-flow superfluid stiffnesses can diverge, corresponding to the case of saturated drag.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid drag in the two-component Bose-Hubbard model

Sellin

Babaev

2018

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Consequently, the N phase transitions collapse into a single first-order transition. This interplay between the charged and neutral sector has been coined a preemptive phase transition 25 , and has been verified numerically in two-component systems in the absence of intercomponent Josephson-coupling in several detailed large-scale Monte Carlo simulations 18,19,25 . In the following Section, we reformulate the model in terms of integer-valued current fields, considering first the case with zero Josephson-coupling and then move on to include Josephson coupling.…”

Section: Standard Representation Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 89%

Current loops, phase transitions, and the Higgs mechanism in Josephson-coupled multicomponent superconductors

Galteland¹,

Sudbø²

2016

Phys. Rev. B

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The N -component London U(1) superconductor is expressed in terms of integer-valued supercurrents. We show that the inclusion of inter-band Josephson couplings introduces monopoles in the current fields, which convert the phase transitions of the charge-neutral sector to crossovers. The monopoles only couple to the neutral sector, and leave the phase transition of the charged sector intact. The remnant non-critical fluctuations in the neutral sector influence the one remaining phase transition in the charged sector, and may alter this phase transition from a 3DXY inverted phase transition into a first-order phase transition depending on what the values of the gauge-charge and the inter-component Josephson coupling are. This preemptive effect becomes more pronounced with increasing number of components N , since the number of charge-neutral fluctuating modes that can influence the charged sector increases with N . We also calculate the gauge-field correlator, and by extension the Higgs mass, in terms of current-current correlators. We show that the onset of the Higgsmass of the photon (Meissner-effect) is given in terms of a current-loop blowout associated with going into the superconducting state as the temperature of the system is lowered.

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“…Presently, however, the sort of multi-component superfluids that are needed to produce the effect are realizable in cold atom systems and are in fact routinely made. The importance of the superfluid drag is rooted in the fact that superfluid systems depend strongly on the formation and interaction of quantum vortices [11,12], which are considerably influenced by drag interactions arXiv:1805.11156v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] 16 Aug 2018 [13][14][15][16]. The presence of multiple components leads to a wider range of possible vortices, including drag-induced composite vortices, and significantly enriches the physics of topological phase transitions in superfluids as well as superconductors [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid drag in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates on a square optical lattice

2018

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The superfluid drag-coefficient of a weakly interacting three-component Bose-Einstein condensate is computed on a square optical lattice deep in the superfluid phase, starting from a Bose-Hubbard model with component-conserving, on-site interactions and nearest-neighbor hopping. At the meanfield level, Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory is employed to provide an analytic expression for the drag density. In addition, the Hamiltonian is diagonalized numerically to compute the drag within mean-field theory at both zero and finite temperatures to all orders in inter-component interactions. Moreover, path integral Monte Carlo simulations, providing results beyond mean-field theory, have been performed to support the mean-field results. In the two-component case the drag increases monotonically with the magnitude of the inter-component interaction γAB between the two components A and B. The increase is independent of the sign of the inter-component interaction. This no longer holds when an additional third component C is included. Instead of increasing monotonically, the drag can either be strengthened or weakened depending on the details of the interaction strengths, for weak and moderately strong interactions. The general picture is that the drag-coefficient between component A and B is a non-monotonic function of the intercomponent interaction strength γAC between A and a third component C. For weak γAC compared to the direct interaction γAB between A and B, the drag-coefficient between A and B can decrease, contrary to what one naively would expect. When γAC is strong compared to γAB, the drag between A and B increases with increasing γAC , as one would naively expect. We attribute the subtle reduction of ρ d,AB with increasing γAC , which has no counterpart in the two-component case, to a renormalization of the inter-component scattering vertex γAB via intermediate excited states of the third condensate C. We briefly comment on how this generalizes to systems with more than three components.

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Preemptive vortex-loop proliferation in multicomponent interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Superfluid drag in the two-component Bose-Hubbard model

Superfluid drag in the two-component Bose-Hubbard model

Current loops, phase transitions, and the Higgs mechanism in Josephson-coupled multicomponent superconductors

Superfluid drag in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates on a square optical lattice

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