Preface

Chui, Kevin K.; Jorge, Milagros “Millee”; Yen, Sheng‐Che; Lusardi, Michelle M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-60913-5.09989-x

Cited by 11 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Any alteration of these three components will alter the control that the AFO has on the patient's gait [14]. There are multiple designs, either fabricated as a one-piece of thicker thermoplastic AFO that restricts ankle and foot motion in all three planes (SAFO), or a flexible and dynamic AFO that allows some degree of sagittal plane motion (DAFO); a one piece design with a posterior malleolar trim line (posterior leaf spring-PLS), a two-piece design with a hinged joint that typically allows for dorsiflexion (HAFO), or a one piece anterior shelf design that promotes knee extension (GRAFO) [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ankle Foot Orthoses on the Gait Patterns in Children with Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of motor disability in children and can cause severe gait deviations. The sagittal gait patterns classification for children with bilateral CP is an important guideline for the planning of the rehabilitation process. Ankle foot orthoses should improve the biomechanical parameters of pathological gait in the sagittal plane. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) which measured the effect of ankle foot orthoses (AFO) on the gait of children with spastic bilateral CP, with kinetic, kinematic, and functional outcomes. Five databases (Pubmed, Scopus, ISI Web of SCIENCE, SciELO, and Cochrane Library) were searched before February 2020. The PEDro Score was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected studies and alignment with the Cochrane approach was also reviewed. Prospero registration number: CRD42018102670. Results: We included 10 studies considering a total of 285 children with spastic bilateral CP. None of the studies had a PEDro score below 4/10, including five RCTs. We identified five different types of AFO (solid; dynamic; hinged; ground reaction; posterior leaf spring) used across all studies. Only two studies referred to a classification for gait patterns. Across the different outcomes, significant differences were found in walking speed, stride length and cadence, range of motion, ground force reaction and joint moments, as well as functional scores, while wearing AFO. Conclusions: Overall, the use of AFO in children with spastic bilateral CP minimizes the impact of pathological gait, consistently improving some kinematic, kinetic, and spatial-temporal parameters, and making their gait closer to that of typically developing children. Creating a standardized protocol for future studies involving AFO would facilitate the reporting of new scientific data and help clinicians use their clinical reasoning skills to recommend the best AFO for their patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ankle Foot Orthoses on the Gait Patterns in Children with Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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“…As for the patient's speed, it varies according to his age and the different severity of the disease, and it may range from 0.92 to 0.43 m/s. However, in cases where the movement of the patient is difficult and slow, he is transferred between departments by various means of transport available in the ED to increase the speed (Chui et al , 2019; Graham et al , 2010).…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for layout design of an emergency department in hospitals: a case from Jordan

Khatib

Alshboul

2022

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Purpose The design of the emergency department (ED) requires high precision in the process of distributing spaces. An increase in population and continuous development during the past years caused the addition of new services, changes in patients’ numbers, movement flow and treatment procedures which makes the existing layout plan of the ED no longer appropriate for its current needs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to generate a process of finding better alternatives for ED’s spatial planning. Design/methodology/approach The genetic algorithm method as a part of the systematic layout planning strategy was adopted for decision-making in redesigning the ED layout and finding the most appropriate alternative. This methodology was applied to a teaching hospital in Jordan to create layout alternatives with better functional dimensions. Findings The design that is based on the study of the movement of users and the relationship of spaces increases the layout performance. Research limitations/implications The structural method of this study can be adopted for different hospital designs, but the results are limited only to the study case itself because of the different factors and data for each building. Originality/value This study demonstrates the process of making the most appropriate decision to redesign the ED in the hospital; therefore, the method can be adopted in restructuring the scheme of different hospitals and evaluated, especially before implementation.

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“…AFOs control foot and ankle movements in different planes with their various designs. For example, solid AFO restricts ankle and foot movements in three planes, DAFO is more flexible and thinner and allows partial movement, PLS has a posterior malleolar trim line (posterior leaf spring), articulated HAFO allows dorsiflexion, and GRAFO is a single piece that supports the knee extension [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Five-Foot Plantar Morphological Pressure Points of Children with Cerebral Palsy Using or Not Dynamic Ankle Foot Orthosis

et al. 2023

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People with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) often experience a decline in gait function and flexion. The children’s posture and hip strategy, which leads to knee flexion, predisposes these children to increased contact area in the medial foot region. This study investigated the use of DAFO (dynamic ankle–foot orthosis) prescribed to patients with cerebral palsy (CP) to determine the plantar pressure distribution with orthosis use. Eight children with spastic CP (age 4–12 years) were classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-II with a maximum spasticity level of 3 in their ankle muscles according to the Modified Ashworth Scale. We assessed the plantar distribution by using eight WalkinSense sensors in each trial and exported data from the proprietary software (WalkinSense version 0.96, Tomorrow Options Microelectronics, S.A.). The plantar pressure distribution was conducted under two conditions: only shoes and DAFO with shoes. The activation percentages for sensor number 1 under the 1st metatarsal and sensor number 4 under the lateral edge of the heel were significantly different under the DAFO condition. The 1-point sensor activation percentage significantly decreased, while the 4-point sensor activation percentage increased during DAFO walking. According to our study findings, there was an increase in pressure distribution in the lateral part of the foot during the stance phase in DAFO. DAFO improved the gait cycle and influenced the plantar foot pressure in children with mild cerebral palsy.

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Preface

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Ankle Foot Orthoses on the Gait Patterns in Children with Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review

Effects of Ankle Foot Orthoses on the Gait Patterns in Children with Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review

A new approach for layout design of an emergency department in hospitals: a case from Jordan

Assessment of Five-Foot Plantar Morphological Pressure Points of Children with Cerebral Palsy Using or Not Dynamic Ankle Foot Orthosis

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